PMID- 35559908
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220517
LR  - 20220607
IS  - 2213-5383 (Electronic)
IS  - 2213-5383 (Linking)
VI  - 28
DP  - 2021 Jun
TI  - Budget projections and clinical impact of an immuno-oncology class of treatments: 
      Experience in four EU markets.
PG  - 100279
LID - S2213-5383(21)00010-2 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.jcpo.2021.100279 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Immunotherapies have revolutionized oncology, but their rapid 
      expansion may potentially put healthcare budgets under strain. We developed an 
      approach to reduce demand uncertainty and inform decision makers and payers of 
      the potential health outcomes and budget impact of the anti-PD-1/PD-L1 class of 
      immuno-oncology (IO) treatments. METHODS: We used partitioned survival modelling 
      and budget impact analysis to estimate overall survival, progression-free 
      survival, life years gained (LYG), and number of adverse events (AEs), comparing 
      "worlds with and without" anti-PD-1/PD-L1s over five years. The cancer types 
      initially included melanoma, first and second line non-small cell lung cancer 
      (NSCLC), bladder, head and neck, renal cell carcinoma, and triple negative breast 
      cancer [1]. Inputs were based on publicly available data, literature, and expert 
      advice. RESULTS: The model [2] estimated budget and health impact of the 
      anti-PD-1/PD-L1s and projected that between 2018-2022 the class [3] would have a 
      manageable economic impact per year, compared to the current standard of care 
      (SOC). The first country adaptations showed that for that period Belgium would 
      save around 11,100 additional life years and avoid 6,100 AEs. Slovenia - 1,470 
      LYGs and 870 AEs avoided; Austria - respectively 4,200, 3,000; Italy - 19,800, 
      6,800. For Austria, the class had a projected share of about 4.5 % of the cancer 
      care budget and 0.4 % of the total 2020 healthcare budget. For Belgium, Slovenia, 
      and Italy - respectively 15.1 % and 1.1 %, 12.6 %, 0.6 %, and 6.5 %, 0.5 %. 
      CONCLUSION: The Health Impact Projection (HIP) is a horizon scanning model 
      designed to estimate the potential budget and health impact of the PD-(L)1 
      inhibitor class at a country level for the next five years. It provides valuable 
      data to payers which they can use to support their reimbursement plans. POLICY 
      SUMMARY: The model is a strategic tool which allows decisionmakers to assess the 
      implications of policy decisions, such as additional investment, or accelerated 
      access to IOs. It can drive tangible population health benefits by eliminating 
      the questions around PD-(L)1 inhibitor spending and its related outcomes.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Rachev, Boris
AU  - Rachev B
AD  - Merck & Co., Inc., 351 N Sumneytown Pike, North Wales, PA, 19454, USA. Electronic 
      address: boris.rachev@merck.com.
FAU - Wilking, Nils
AU  - Wilking N
AD  - Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavagen 1, 171 77, 
      Solna, Sweden.
FAU - Kobelt, Gisela
AU  - Kobelt G
AD  - European Health Economics, 492 Chemin des Laurens, F-06530, Speracedes, France.
FAU - Spandonaro, Federico
AU  - Spandonaro F
AD  - Universita di Roma Tor Vergata, Via Cracovia, 50, 00133, Roma, RM, Italy.
FAU - Rajer, Mirjana
AU  - Rajer M
AD  - Oncology Institute Ljubljana, Zaloska cesta 2, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
FAU - Roediger, Alexander
AU  - Roediger A
AD  - MSD International GmbH, Ringstrasse 27, 6010, Kriens, Switzerland.
FAU - Normand, Raphael
AU  - Normand R
AD  - MSD International GmbH, Ringstrasse 27, 6010, Kriens, Switzerland.
FAU - Zielinski, Christoph
AU  - Zielinski C
AD  - Vienna Cancer Center (VCC), Vienna Medical University, BT86/E 01, Spitalgasse 23, 
      1090, Wien, Austria.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20210226
PL  - England
TA  - J Cancer Policy
JT  - Journal of cancer policy
JID - 101639933
SB  - IM
MH  - Budgets
MH  - *Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy
MH  - Medical Oncology
MH  - *Melanoma
MH  - Progression-Free Survival
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Budget projections
OT  - Clinical impact
OT  - Immuno-oncology
OT  - PD-1/PD-L1
EDAT- 2022/05/14 06:00
MHDA- 2022/05/18 06:00
CRDT- 2022/05/13 18:42
PHST- 2020/09/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/02/16 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/02/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/05/13 18:42 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/05/14 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/05/18 06:00 [medline]
AID - S2213-5383(21)00010-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jcpo.2021.100279 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Cancer Policy. 2021 Jun;28:100279. doi: 10.1016/j.jcpo.2021.100279. Epub 2021 
      Feb 26.