PMID- 35566252
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220517
LR  - 20220716
IS  - 1420-3049 (Electronic)
IS  - 1420-3049 (Linking)
VI  - 27
IP  - 9
DP  - 2022 May 2
TI  - Flavonoids as Potential Anti-Inflammatory Molecules: A Review.
LID - 10.3390/molecules27092901 [doi]
LID - 2901
AB  - Hydroxylated polyphenols, also called flavonoids, are richly present in 
      vegetables, fruits, cereals, nuts, herbs, seeds, stems, and flowers of numerous 
      plants. They possess numerous medicinal properties such as antioxidant, 
      anti-cancer, anti-microbial, neuroprotective, and anti-inflammation. Studies show 
      that flavonoids activate antioxidant pathways that render an anti-inflammatory 
      effect. They inhibit the secretions of enzymes such as lysozymes and 
      beta-glucuronidase and inhibit the secretion of arachidonic acid, which reduces 
      inflammatory reactions. Flavonoids such as quercetin, genistein, apigenin, 
      kaempferol, and epigallocatechin 3-gallate modulate the expression and activation 
      of a cytokine such as interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), Tumor necrosis factor-alpha 
      (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-8 (IL-8); regulate the gene 
      expression of many pro-inflammatory molecules such s nuclear factor kappa-light 
      chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kappaB), activator protein-1 (AP-1), 
      intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 
      (VCAM), and E-selectins; and also inhibits inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase, 
      cyclooxygenase-2, and lipoxygenase, which are pro-inflammatory enzymes. 
      Understanding the anti-inflammatory action of flavonoids provides better 
      treatment options, including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-induced 
      inflammation, inflammatory bowel disease, obstructive pulmonary disorder, 
      arthritis, Alzheimer's disease, cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, and 
      cancer. This review highlights the sources, biochemical activities, and role of 
      flavonoids in enhancing human health.
FAU - Al-Khayri, Jameel M
AU  - Al-Khayri JM
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9507-0201
AD  - Department of Plant Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King 
      Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia.
FAU - Sahana, Gandasi Ravikumar
AU  - Sahana GR
AD  - Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, 
      Bangalore 560029, India.
FAU - Nagella, Praveen
AU  - Nagella P
AD  - Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, 
      Bangalore 560029, India.
FAU - Joseph, Biljo V
AU  - Joseph BV
AD  - Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, 
      Bangalore 560029, India.
FAU - Alessa, Fatima M
AU  - Alessa FM
AD  - Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Food 
      Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia.
FAU - Al-Mssallem, Muneera Q
AU  - Al-Mssallem MQ
AD  - Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Food 
      Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia.
LA  - eng
GR  - Project No. AN000511/Deanship of Scientific Research, Vice Presidency for 
      Graduate Studies and Scientific Research, King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia 
      [Project No. AN000511]./
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20220502
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Molecules
JT  - Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
JID - 100964009
RN  - 0 (Anti-Inflammatory Agents)
RN  - 0 (Antioxidants)
RN  - 0 (Flavonoids)
RN  - 0 (NF-kappa B)
RN  - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha)
SB  - IM
MH  - Anti-Inflammatory Agents/adverse effects
MH  - Antioxidants/adverse effects
MH  - *COVID-19
MH  - *Flavonoids/chemistry/pharmacology/therapeutic use
MH  - Humans
MH  - Inflammation/drug therapy
MH  - NF-kappa B/metabolism
MH  - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/pharmacology
PMC - PMC9100260
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - anti-inflammation
OT  - flavonoids
OT  - natural products
OT  - phenolic compounds
OT  - phytochemicals
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2022/05/15 06:00
MHDA- 2022/05/18 06:00
PMCR- 2022/05/02
CRDT- 2022/05/14 01:24
PHST- 2022/04/10 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/04/27 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/04/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/05/14 01:24 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/05/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/05/18 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/05/02 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - molecules27092901 [pii]
AID - molecules-27-02901 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/molecules27092901 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Molecules. 2022 May 2;27(9):2901. doi: 10.3390/molecules27092901.