PMID- 35572260
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20220519
IS  - 1664-1078 (Print)
IS  - 1664-1078 (Electronic)
IS  - 1664-1078 (Linking)
VI  - 13
DP  - 2022
TI  - Not the Master of Your Volitional Mind? The Roles of the Right Medial Prefrontal 
      Cortex and Personality Traits in Unconscious Introjections Versus Self-Chosen 
      Goals.
PG  - 740925
LID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.740925 [doi]
LID - 740925
AB  - Humans are unconditionally confronted with social expectations and norms, up to a 
      degree that they, or some of them, have a hard time recognizing what they 
      actually want. This renders them susceptible for introjection, that is, to 
      unwittingly or "unconsciously" mistake social expectations for self-chosen goals. 
      Such introjections compromise an individual's autonomy and mental health and have 
      been shown to be more prevalent in individuals with rumination tendencies and low 
      emotional self-awareness. In this brain imaging study, we draw on a source memory 
      task and found that introjections, as indicated by imposed tasks that are falsely 
      recognized as self-chosen, involved the bilateral medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) 
      and the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Notably, reduced right MPFC 
      activation within this condition correlated with trait scores of ruminations and 
      reduced emotional self-awareness, but also introversion. Moreover, correct 
      recognition of tasks as self-chosen involved the right MPFC. Accordingly, the 
      right MPFC may play a role in supporting the maintenance of psychological 
      autonomy and counteract introjection, which individuals with certain personality 
      traits seem to be prone to. This research has significant implications for the 
      study of mechanisms underlying autonomous motivation, goal and norm 
      internalization, decision-making, persuasion, education, and clinical conditions 
      such as depression and burnout.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2022 Quirin, Kerber, Kustermann, Radtke, Kazen, Konrad, Baumann, 
      Ryan, Ennis and Kuhl.
FAU - Quirin, Markus
AU  - Quirin M
AD  - School of Management, Technical University of Munich, Munchen, Germany.
AD  - Department of Psychology, PFH Gottingen, Gottingen, Germany.
FAU - Kerber, Andre
AU  - Kerber A
AD  - Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universitat Berlin, Berlin, 
      Germany.
FAU - Kustermann, Ekkehard
AU  - Kustermann E
AD  - Department of Neuropsychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Bremen, 
      Bremen, Germany.
FAU - Radtke, Elise L
AU  - Radtke EL
AD  - Institute of Psychology, Osnabruck University, Osnabruck, Germany.
FAU - Kazen, Miguel
AU  - Kazen M
AD  - Institute of Psychology, Osnabruck University, Osnabruck, Germany.
FAU - Konrad, Carsten
AU  - Konrad C
AD  - Department of Medicine, Philipps-Universitat Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
FAU - Baumann, Nicola
AU  - Baumann N
AD  - Department of Psychology, Trier University, Trier, Germany.
FAU - Ryan, Richard M
AU  - Ryan RM
AD  - Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic University, 
      Sydney, NSW, Australia.
AD  - Department of Clinical and Social Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, 
      NY, United States.
FAU - Ennis, Michael
AU  - Ennis M
AD  - Department of Psychology, California State University at Chico, Chico, CA, United 
      States.
FAU - Kuhl, Julius
AU  - Kuhl J
AD  - Institute of Psychology, Osnabruck University, Osnabruck, Germany.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20220429
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Psychol
JT  - Frontiers in psychology
JID - 101550902
PMC - PMC9102375
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - action-state orientation
OT  - emotional self-awareness
OT  - extraversion
OT  - introjection
OT  - neuroticism
OT  - rumination
OT  - self-determination
OT  - self-infiltration
COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any 
      commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential 
      conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2022/05/17 06:00
MHDA- 2022/05/17 06:01
PMCR- 2022/04/29
CRDT- 2022/05/16 04:10
PHST- 2021/07/13 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/03/07 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/05/16 04:10 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/05/17 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/05/17 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2022/04/29 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.740925 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Psychol. 2022 Apr 29;13:740925. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.740925. eCollection 
      2022.