PMID- 35597266
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220615
LR  - 20230730
IS  - 1873-3514 (Electronic)
IS  - 0028-3932 (Print)
IS  - 0028-3932 (Linking)
VI  - 172
DP  - 2022 Jul 29
TI  - Dissociable language and executive control deficits and recovery in post-stroke 
      aphasia: An exploratory observational and case series study.
PG  - 108270
LID - S0028-3932(22)00129-4 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2022.108270 [doi]
AB  - A growing body of evidence indicates many, but not all, individuals with 
      post-stroke aphasia experience executive dysfunction. Relationships between 
      language and executive function skills are often reported in the literature, but 
      the degree of interdependence between these abilities remains largely unanswered. 
      Therefore, in this study, we investigated the extent to which language and 
      executive control deficits dissociated in 1) acute stroke and 2) longitudinal 
      aphasia recovery. Twenty-three individuals admitted to Johns Hopkins Hospital 
      with a new left hemisphere stroke completed the Western Aphasia Battery-Revised 
      (WAB-R), several additional language measures (of naming, semantics, spontaneous 
      speech, and oral reading), and three non-linguistic cognitive tasks from the NIH 
      Toolbox (i.e., Pattern Comparison Processing Speed Test, Flanker Inhibitory 
      Control and Attention Test, and Dimensional Change Card Sort Test). Two 
      participants with aphasia (PWA) with temporoparietal lesions, one of whom (PWA1) 
      had greater temporal but less frontal and superior parietal damage than the other 
      (PWA2), also completed testing at subacute (three months post-onset) and early 
      chronic (six months post-onset) time points. In aim 1, principal component 
      analysis on the acute test data (excluding the WAB-R) revealed language and 
      non-linguistic executive control tasks largely loaded onto separate components. 
      Both components were significant predictors of acute aphasia severity per the 
      WAB-R Aphasia Quotient (AQ). Crucially, executive dysfunction explained an 
      additional 17% of the variance in AQ beyond the explanatory power of language 
      impairments alone. In aim 2, both case patients exhibited language and executive 
      control deficits at the acute post-stroke stage. A dissociation was observed in 
      longitudinal recovery of these patients. By the early chronic time point, PWA1 
      exhibited improved (but persistent) deficits in several language domains and 
      recovered executive control. In contrast, PWA2 demonstrated mostly recovered 
      language but persistent executive dysfunction. Greater damage to language and 
      attention networks in these respective patients may explain the observed 
      behavioral patterns. These results demonstrate that language and executive 
      control can dissociate (at least to a degree), but both contribute to early 
      post-stroke presentation of aphasia and likely influence longitudinal aphasia 
      recovery.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Meier, Erin L
AU  - Meier EL
AD  - Department of Neurology, USA. Electronic address: emeier5@jhmi.edu.
FAU - Kelly, Catherine R
AU  - Kelly CR
AD  - Department of Neurology, USA.
FAU - Hillis, Argye E
AU  - Hillis AE
AD  - Department of Neurology, USA; Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, USA; 
      Cognitive Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
LA  - eng
GR  - P50 DC014664/DC/NIDCD NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 DC005375/DC/NIDCD NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Observational Study
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
DEP - 20220518
PL  - England
TA  - Neuropsychologia
JT  - Neuropsychologia
JID - 0020713
SB  - IM
MH  - *Aphasia
MH  - Executive Function
MH  - Humans
MH  - Language
MH  - Speech
MH  - *Stroke
PMC - PMC9728463
MID - NIHMS1842875
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Aphasia
OT  - Case series
OT  - Dissociation
OT  - Executive control
OT  - Stroke recovery
EDAT- 2022/05/22 06:00
MHDA- 2022/06/16 06:00
PMCR- 2023/07/29
CRDT- 2022/05/21 19:22
PHST- 2021/08/29 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/04/30 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/05/13 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/05/22 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/06/16 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/05/21 19:22 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/07/29 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S0028-3932(22)00129-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2022.108270 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Neuropsychologia. 2022 Jul 29;172:108270. doi: 
      10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2022.108270. Epub 2022 May 18.