PMID- 35601149 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220524 LR - 20220524 IS - 2314-6141 (Electronic) IS - 2314-6133 (Print) VI - 2022 DP - 2022 TI - Artemether Alleviates Diabetic Kidney Disease by Modulating Amino Acid Metabolism. PG - 7339611 LID - 10.1155/2022/7339611 [doi] LID - 7339611 AB - Diabetes is a worldwide metabolic disease with rapid growing incidence, characterized by hyperglycemia. Diabetic kidney disease (DKD), the leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD), has a high morbidity according to the constantly increasing diabetic patients and always develops irreversible deterioration of renal function. Though different in pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and therapies, both type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) can evolve into DKD. Since amino acids are both biomarkers and causal agents, rarely report has been made about its metabolism which lies in T1DM- and T2DM-related kidney disease. This study was designed to investigate artemether in adjusting renal amino acid metabolism in T1DM and T2DM mice. Artemether was applied as treatment in streptozotocin (STZ) induced T1DM mice and db/db T2DM mice, respectively. Artemether-treated mice showed lower FBG and HbA1c and reduced urinary albumin excretion, as well as urinary NAG. Both types of diabetic mice showed enlarged kidneys, as confirmed by increased kidney weight and the ratio of kidney weight to body weight. Artemether normalized kidney size and thus attenuated renal hypertrophy. Kidney tissue UPLC-MS analysis showed that branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and citrulline were upregulated in diabetic mice without treatment and downregulated after being treated with artemether. Expressions of glutamine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, ornithine, glycine, histidine, phenylalanine and threonine were decreased in both types of diabetic mice whereas they increased after artemether treatment. The study demonstrates the initial evidence that artemether exerted renal protection in DKD by modulating amino acid metabolism. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Guangli Rong et al. FAU - Rong, Guangli AU - Rong G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5054-2383 AD - Department of Nephrology, The Fourth Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033 Guangdong, China. FAU - Weng, Wenci AU - Weng W AD - Department of Nephrology, The Fourth Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033 Guangdong, China. FAU - Huang, Jingting AU - Huang J AD - Department of Nephrology, The Fourth Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033 Guangdong, China. FAU - Chen, Yijun AU - Chen Y AD - Department of Nephrology, The Fourth Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033 Guangdong, China. FAU - Yu, Xuewen AU - Yu X AD - Department of Pathology, The Fourth Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033 Guangdong, China. FAU - Yuan, Rui AU - Yuan R AD - Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033 Guangdong, China. FAU - Gu, Xiufen AU - Gu X AD - Department of Nephrology, The Fourth Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033 Guangdong, China. FAU - Wu, Xia AU - Wu X AD - Department of Nephrology, The Fourth Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033 Guangdong, China. FAU - Cai, Yuchun AU - Cai Y AD - Department of Nephrology, The Fourth Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033 Guangdong, China. FAU - Han, Pengxun AU - Han P AD - Department of Nephrology, The Fourth Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033 Guangdong, China. FAU - Shao, Mumin AU - Shao M AD - Department of Pathology, The Fourth Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033 Guangdong, China. FAU - Sun, Huili AU - Sun H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7101-1087 AD - Department of Nephrology, The Fourth Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033 Guangdong, China. FAU - Ge, Na AU - Ge N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3535-1874 AD - Department of Nephrology, The Fourth Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033 Guangdong, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220511 PL - United States TA - Biomed Res Int JT - BioMed research international JID - 101600173 RN - 0 (Amino Acids) RN - C7D6T3H22J (Artemether) SB - IM MH - Amino Acids MH - Animals MH - Artemether MH - Chromatography, Liquid MH - *Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism MH - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications/drug therapy MH - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications/drug therapy/epidemiology MH - *Diabetic Nephropathies/metabolism MH - Humans MH - Kidney/pathology MH - Mice MH - Tandem Mass Spectrometry PMC - PMC9117059 COIS- The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this paper. EDAT- 2022/05/24 06:00 MHDA- 2022/05/25 06:00 PMCR- 2022/05/11 CRDT- 2022/05/23 04:05 PHST- 2021/11/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/04/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/05/23 04:05 [entrez] PHST- 2022/05/24 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/05/25 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/05/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1155/2022/7339611 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Biomed Res Int. 2022 May 11;2022:7339611. doi: 10.1155/2022/7339611. eCollection 2022.