PMID- 35605541
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220816
LR  - 20220906
IS  - 1879-0739 (Electronic)
IS  - 0271-5317 (Linking)
VI  - 104
DP  - 2022 Aug
TI  - Whey protein supplementation improves postprandial glycemia in persons with type 
      2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized 
      controlled trials.
PG  - 44-54
LID - S0271-5317(22)00039-2 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.nutres.2022.04.002 [doi]
AB  - Whey protein (WP) can increase insulin secretion, produce an incretin effect, 
      delay gastric emptying, and regulate appetite, resulting in improved glycemic 
      control. We hypothesized that WP supplementation is associated with postprandial 
      glycemia regulation in persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and conducted 
      a quantitative meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to test this 
      hypothesis. We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus databases, and 
      the ClinicalTrials.gov registry for relevant RCTs published before March 2022. We 
      assessed the pooled effects using a random-effects model on glucose and insulin 
      levels at 60 and 120 minutes, total glucagon-like peptide-1 (tGLP-1) at 30 and 60 
      minutes, and the incremental area under the curve (iAUC) of glucose, insulin, 
      tGLP-1, and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide. Five RCTs involving 134 
      persons were included. Postprandial glycemia was significantly lower at 60 
      minutes (weighted mean difference: -2.67 mmol/L; 95% confidence interval, -3.62 
      to -1.72 mmol/L) and 120 minutes (-1.59 mmol/L; -2.91 to -0.28 mmol/L) in WP 
      group than in placebo group. The iAUC of insulin was significantly higher in WP 
      group (24.66 nmol/L x min, 1.65-47.66 nmol/L x min) than in placebo group. 
      Although other results favored the WP group, differences between the groups were 
      not statistically significant. The present study showed that premeal WP 
      supplementation is beneficial for postprandial glycemia in persons with mild or 
      well-controlled T2DM without substantial adverse effects. However, the level of 
      certainty of current evidence is not high enough. Further larger and 
      well-designed clinical trials are warranted for evaluating optimal dose and 
      long-term effects of WP supplementation.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Chiang, Shih-Wen
AU  - Chiang SW
AD  - Nutrition Department, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City, 237414, Taiwan.
FAU - Liu, Han-Wen
AU  - Liu HW
AD  - Division of Endocrine and Metabolism, Taipei Medical University-Wan Fang 
      Hospital, Taipei, 116079, Taiwan.
FAU - Loh, El-Wui
AU  - Loh EW
AD  - Shared Decision Making Resource Center, Department of Medical Research, Taipei 
      Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, 235041, Taiwan; Graduate 
      Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 
      Taipei, 110301, Taiwan; Cochrane Taiwan, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 
      110301, Taiwan.
FAU - Tam, Ka-Wai
AU  - Tam KW
AD  - Shared Decision Making Resource Center, Department of Medical Research, Taipei 
      Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, 235041, Taiwan; Cochrane 
      Taiwan, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110301, Taiwan; Center for 
      Evidence-Based Health Care, Department of Medical Research, Taipei Medical 
      University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, 235041, Taiwan; Division of 
      General Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, 
      Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110301, Taiwan; Division of General Surgery, 
      Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei 
      City, 235041, Taiwan.
FAU - Wang, Jzy-Yu
AU  - Wang JY
AD  - Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 
      112304, Taiwan.
FAU - Huang, Wei-Lin
AU  - Huang WL
AD  - School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110301, Taiwan. Electronic 
      address: b101105090@tmu.edu.tw.
FAU - Kuan, Yi-Chun
AU  - Kuan YC
AD  - Cochrane Taiwan, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110301, Taiwan; Center for 
      Evidence-Based Health Care, Department of Medical Research, Taipei Medical 
      University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, 235041, Taiwan; Taipei 
      Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110301, Taiwan; 
      Department of Neurology, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei 
      City, 235041, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, College of 
      Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110301, Taiwan; Institute of 
      Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan 
      University, Taipei, 100025, Taiwan. Electronic address: yckuang2@gmail.com.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Meta-Analysis
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Systematic Review
DEP - 20220418
PL  - United States
TA  - Nutr Res
JT  - Nutrition research (New York, N.Y.)
JID - 8303331
RN  - 0 (Blood Glucose)
RN  - 0 (Insulin)
RN  - 0 (Whey Proteins)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Blood Glucose/metabolism
MH  - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
MH  - Dietary Supplements
MH  - Humans
MH  - Insulin/metabolism
MH  - Postprandial Period
MH  - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
MH  - Whey Proteins
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide
OT  - Insulin level
OT  - Postprandial glucose
OT  - Total glucagon-like peptide-1
OT  - Type 2 diabetes mellitus
OT  - Whey protein
EDAT- 2022/05/24 06:00
MHDA- 2022/08/17 06:00
CRDT- 2022/05/23 18:29
PHST- 2021/10/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/04/05 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/04/06 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/05/24 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/08/17 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/05/23 18:29 [entrez]
AID - S0271-5317(22)00039-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.nutres.2022.04.002 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Nutr Res. 2022 Aug;104:44-54. doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2022.04.002. Epub 2022 Apr 
      18.