PMID- 35626940
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20220716
IS  - 2227-9067 (Print)
IS  - 2227-9067 (Electronic)
IS  - 2227-9067 (Linking)
VI  - 9
IP  - 5
DP  - 2022 May 23
TI  - Multiple Skeletal Anomalies of Sprague Dawley Rats following Prenatal Exposure to 
      Anastatica hierochuntica, as Delineated by a Modified Double-Staining Method.
LID - 10.3390/children9050763 [doi]
LID - 763
AB  - Anastatica hierochuntica (A. hierochuntica) is a plant that originates from 
      Middle Eastern countries. This herb is commonly consumed by pregnant women to 
      ease the process of childbirth. However, consumption of A. hierochuntica during 
      the prenatal period may disrupt foetal development. In this study, we aimed to 
      evaluate the potential effects of four different doses (0, 250, 500 and 1000 
      mg/kg) of A. hierochuntica aqueous extract (AHAE) on the skeletal development of 
      Sprague Dawley rat foetuses. The AHAE was administered from gestational day (GD) 
      6 till GD20. We also aimed to produce a simplified and reproducible skeletal 
      staining procedure for proper skeletal assessment of full-term Sprague Dawley rat 
      foetuses. Skeletal structures were stained using a modified method that utilised 
      Alcian Blue 8GX and Alizarin Red S dyes. The staining procedure involved 
      fixation, skinning, evisceration, cartilage staining, bone staining and clearing. 
      Our modified staining technique has successfully showed a clear demarcation 
      between the bone and cartilage components, which enabled objective assessment of 
      the skeletal ossification following administration of AHAE. Some skeletal 
      anomalies such as sacrocaudal agenesis and maxillary defect (cleft lip) were 
      observed in 250 and 1000 mg/kg groups, respectively. These findings indicate 
      potential toxicity effects of AHAE on the developing foetuses.
FAU - Zin, Siti Rosmani Md
AU  - Zin SRM
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4114-8664
AD  - Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 
      50603, Malaysia.
FAU - Alshawsh, Mohammed Abdullah
AU  - Alshawsh MA
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8342-5183
AD  - Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 
      50603, Malaysia.
FAU - Mohamed, Zahurin
AU  - Mohamed Z
AD  - Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 
      50603, Malaysia.
LA  - eng
GR  - BKS104-2017/BANTUAN KHAS PENYELIDIKAN (BKP)/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20220523
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Children (Basel)
JT  - Children (Basel, Switzerland)
JID - 101648936
PMC - PMC9140171
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Anastatica hierochuntica
OT  - anatomy
OT  - bone
OT  - congenital anomaly
OT  - double skeletal staining
OT  - skeletal development
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the 
      design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in 
      the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.
EDAT- 2022/05/29 06:00
MHDA- 2022/05/29 06:01
PMCR- 2022/05/23
CRDT- 2022/05/28 01:14
PHST- 2022/03/27 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/04/24 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/05/07 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/05/28 01:14 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/05/29 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/05/29 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2022/05/23 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - children9050763 [pii]
AID - children-09-00763 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/children9050763 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Children (Basel). 2022 May 23;9(5):763. doi: 10.3390/children9050763.