PMID- 35631532
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20230308
IS  - 1999-4923 (Print)
IS  - 1999-4923 (Electronic)
IS  - 1999-4923 (Linking)
VI  - 14
IP  - 5
DP  - 2022 Apr 27
TI  - Dose-Response Association of Metformin with Parkinson's Disease Odds in Type 2 
      Diabetes Mellitus.
LID - 10.3390/pharmaceutics14050946 [doi]
LID - 946
AB  - Background. Studies have demonstrated that patients with diabetes mellitus who 
      receive metformin have a lower risk of developing Parkinson's disease (PD). 
      However, studies have also suggested that metformin may increase the risk of PD. 
      In this study, we investigated whether metformin use was associated with the risk 
      of PD in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods. In this population-based 
      cross-sectional study, patients with T2DM diagnosed between 2001 and 2018 were 
      enrolled. We categorized these patients as metformin users or nonusers. 
      Participants below 50 years old were excluded. Two models were employed to 
      evaluate the associations of metformin exposure and use intensity with PD after 3 
      and 5 years of follow-up. Results. Patients with T2DM who received <300 
      cumulative defined daily doses (cDDD) of metformin and those with metformin use 
      intensity of <10 DDD/month had respective odds ratios (ORs) for PD of 0.88 (95% 
      confidence interval [CI] = 0.83-0.94) and 0.87 (95% CI = 0.81-0.93) in a 3-year 
      follow-up. In a 5-year follow-up, such patients had respective ORs for PD of 0.94 
      (95% CI = 0.90-0.98) and 0.93 (95% CI = 0.89-0.98). Patients with T2DM who 
      received >/=300 cDDD of metformin or used metformin with intensity of >/=10 DDD/month 
      experienced no neuroprotective effects after 3 or 5 years. Conclusions. Metformin 
      was associated with PD odds in T2DM in a dose-response association manner. 
      Patients who received low dosage and intensity of metformin use were associated 
      with lower odds of PD, while higher dosage and intensity of metformin use had no 
      neuroprotective effect.
FAU - Huang, Kuang-Hua
AU  - Huang KH
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4351-6202
AD  - Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, Taichung 
      40402, Taiwan.
FAU - Chang, Ya-Lan
AU  - Chang YL
AD  - Department of Pharmacology, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1, 
      Jianguo N. Rd., Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
AD  - Department of Pharmacy, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, 
      Taiwan.
FAU - Gau, Shuo-Yan
AU  - Gau SY
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8897-5635
AD  - School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
FAU - Tsai, Tung-Han
AU  - Tsai TH
AD  - Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, Taichung 
      40402, Taiwan.
FAU - Lee, Chien-Ying
AU  - Lee CY
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8159-4645
AD  - Department of Pharmacology, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1, 
      Jianguo N. Rd., Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
AD  - Department of Pharmacy, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, 
      Taiwan.
LA  - eng
GR  - CSH-2022-C-046/Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taiwan/
GR  - CMU109-S-26/China Medical University Taiwan/
GR  - MOST 110-2410-H-040-002/Ministry of Science and Technology Taiwan/
GR  - MOST 109-2410-H-039-004-MY2/Ministry of Science and Technology Taiwan/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20220427
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Pharmaceutics
JT  - Pharmaceutics
JID - 101534003
PMC - PMC9147745
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Parkinson's disease
OT  - cumulative defined daily dose
OT  - diabetes mellitus
OT  - metformin
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2022/05/29 06:00
MHDA- 2022/05/29 06:01
PMCR- 2022/04/27
CRDT- 2022/05/28 01:39
PHST- 2022/04/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/04/21 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/04/25 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/05/28 01:39 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/05/29 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/05/29 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2022/04/27 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - pharmaceutics14050946 [pii]
AID - pharmaceutics-14-00946 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/pharmaceutics14050946 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Pharmaceutics. 2022 Apr 27;14(5):946. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14050946.