PMID- 35638795 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220602 LR - 20220602 IS - 0273-1223 (Print) IS - 0273-1223 (Linking) VI - 85 IP - 10 DP - 2022 May TI - Rapid cultivation of anammox sludge based on Ca-alginate cell beads. PG - 2899-2911 LID - 10.2166/wst.2022.161 [doi] AB - Current gel entrapment technology has certain advantages for the enrichment of anammox sludge. In this study, the optimal preparation conditions and cultivation equipment of Ca-alginate cell beads for the culturing anammox sludge were proposed. The preparation parameters of the Ca-alginate cell beads were as follows: 3% sodium alginate, 4% CaCl(2), V(SA):V(cell) = 1:1, a drop height of 9 cm, stirring speed of 300 rpm, and cross-linking time of 24 h. The prepared cell beads were regular spheres with a uniform size and hard texture. Throughout the 9 days of cultivation, the number of anammox bacteria in the Ca-alginate cell beads was 4.3 times that of the initial sludge, and the color of the cell beads changed from yellowish-brown to reddish-brown. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis showed that the SA gel beads had a good microporous structure. The fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) results illustrated that the bacteria were mostly dispersed inside the Ca-alginate cell beads. Additionally, the qPCR results implied that only a relatively small amount of anammox biomass (2.74x10(6) copies/gel-bead) was required to quickly start the anammox process. The anammox bacteria in the Ca-alginate cell beads grew with a fast growth rate in a short period and exhibited high activity due to diffusion limitations. In addition, the anammox bacteria cultivated in the Ca-alginate cell beads could adapt to the increase in substrate concentration in a short period. The optimal incubation time of this gel entrapment method for anammox sludge was no more than 17 days under the experimental conditions of this work. Therefore, this simple and practicable gel entrapment method may serve as a suitable pre-culture means for the rapid enrichment of anammox bacteria. FAU - Gao, Qi AU - Gao Q AD - Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Safety, School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China E-mail: lsw3@ujs.edu.cn. FAU - Li, Shan-Wei AU - Li SW AD - Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Safety, School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China E-mail: lsw3@ujs.edu.cn; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China. FAU - Xie, Yu-Jie AU - Xie YJ AD - Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Safety, School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China E-mail: lsw3@ujs.edu.cn. FAU - Zheng, Min-Xue AU - Zheng MX AD - Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Safety, School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China E-mail: lsw3@ujs.edu.cn; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China. FAU - Wei, Jing AU - Wei J AD - Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Safety, School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China E-mail: lsw3@ujs.edu.cn; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China. FAU - Luo, Zhi-Jun AU - Luo ZJ AD - Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Safety, School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China E-mail: lsw3@ujs.edu.cn; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China. FAU - Zhou, Xiang-Tong AU - Zhou XT AD - Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Safety, School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China E-mail: lsw3@ujs.edu.cn; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China. FAU - Liu, Zhi-Gang AU - Liu ZG AD - Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Safety, School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China E-mail: lsw3@ujs.edu.cn; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China. FAU - Li, Yan AU - Li Y AD - Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Safety, School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China E-mail: lsw3@ujs.edu.cn; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China. FAU - Wu, Zhi-Ren AU - Wu ZR AD - Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Safety, School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China E-mail: lsw3@ujs.edu.cn; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Water Sci Technol JT - Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research JID - 9879497 RN - 0 (Alginates) RN - 0 (Hexuronic Acids) RN - 0 (Sewage) RN - 8A5D83Q4RW (Glucuronic Acid) SB - IM MH - *Alginates/chemistry MH - Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation MH - Anaerobiosis MH - Bacteria/genetics MH - Bioreactors/microbiology MH - Glucuronic Acid/chemistry MH - Hexuronic Acids/chemistry MH - In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence MH - Oxidation-Reduction MH - *Sewage/microbiology EDAT- 2022/06/01 06:00 MHDA- 2022/06/03 06:00 CRDT- 2022/05/31 15:15 PHST- 2022/05/31 15:15 [entrez] PHST- 2022/06/01 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/06/03 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.2166/wst.2022.161 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Water Sci Technol. 2022 May;85(10):2899-2911. doi: 10.2166/wst.2022.161.