PMID- 35641069
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220602
LR  - 20220622
IS  - 1873-4030 (Electronic)
IS  - 1350-4533 (Linking)
VI  - 104
DP  - 2022 Jun
TI  - Interference thresholds for active implantable cardiovascular devices in 
      occupational low-frequency electric and magnetic fields: a numerical and in vitro 
      study.
PG  - 103799
LID - S1350-4533(22)00048-0 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.medengphy.2022.103799 [doi]
AB  - In light of concerns regarding the occupational safety and health of workers 
      wearing active implantable medical devices (AIMDs), this study aims to 
      investigate the potential risks of electromagnetic interference (EMI) between 
      AIMDs and low-frequency 50/60 Hz electromagnetic fields (EMFs) in the workplace. 
      A total of 58 AIMDs, consisting of pacemakers (PMs) and implantable cardiac 
      defibrillators (ICDs) of different brands, models, and configurations were tested 
      to determine the immunity thresholds for high-voltage electric fields (EFs) and 
      magnetic fields (MFs) at 50/60 Hz. The EFs and MFs at the levels in workplaces 
      are reproduced by setups using Helmholtz coils and aluminum plates, respectively, 
      to ensure that the EM/MF exposures are controllable and reproducible. The EMI 
      thresholds were recorded by observing the occurrences of PM or ICD dysfunctions. 
      In addition, numerical studies on anatomical models were carried out using CST(R) 
      software. The results indicate that the recorded thresholds all exceed the EF and 
      MF public exposure limits given in the ICNIRP 2010 guidelines. No dysfunction was 
      observed among four ICDs tested under MF exposure up to 2750 microT at 50 Hz and 2480 
      microT at 60 Hz. However, among the 43 PMs and 11 ICDs tested under EF exposures, 
      potential hazards may occur below the occupational exposure level proposed in the 
      ICNIRP guidelines.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2022 IPEM. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Zhou, Mengxi
AU  - Zhou M
AD  - Universite de Lorraine, Institut Jean Lamour (UMR 7198), CNRS, 2 allee Andre 
      Guinier, Campus Artem, 54000 Nancy, France. Electronic address: 
      mengxi.zhou@univ-lorraine.fr.
FAU - Kourtiche, Djilali
AU  - Kourtiche D
AD  - Universite de Lorraine, Institut Jean Lamour (UMR 7198), CNRS, 2 allee Andre 
      Guinier, Campus Artem, 54000 Nancy, France.
FAU - Claudel, Julien
AU  - Claudel J
AD  - Universite de Lorraine, Institut Jean Lamour (UMR 7198), CNRS, 2 allee Andre 
      Guinier, Campus Artem, 54000 Nancy, France.
FAU - Deschamps, Francois
AU  - Deschamps F
AD  - RTE, Direction Developpement Ingenierie, Departement Concertation et 
      Environnement, Place du Dome, 92073 Paris La Defense Cedex.
FAU - Magne, Isabelle
AU  - Magne I
AD  - EDF, Service des Etudes Medicales, Immeuble Smartside, Batiment Brechet, 4eme 
      etage, zone 4-680 4 rue Floreal, 75017 Paris.
FAU - Roth, Patrice
AU  - Roth P
AD  - Universite de Lorraine, Institut Jean Lamour (UMR 7198), CNRS, 2 allee Andre 
      Guinier, Campus Artem, 54000 Nancy, France.
FAU - Schmitt, Pierre
AU  - Schmitt P
AD  - Universite de Lorraine, Institut Jean Lamour (UMR 7198), CNRS, 2 allee Andre 
      Guinier, Campus Artem, 54000 Nancy, France.
FAU - Souques, Martine
AU  - Souques M
AD  - EDF, Service des Etudes Medicales, Immeuble Smartside, Batiment Brechet, 4eme 
      etage, zone 4-680 4 rue Floreal, 75017 Paris.
FAU - Nadi, Mustapha
AU  - Nadi M
AD  - Universite de Lorraine, Institut Jean Lamour (UMR 7198), CNRS, 2 allee Andre 
      Guinier, Campus Artem, 54000 Nancy, France.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20220413
PL  - England
TA  - Med Eng Phys
JT  - Medical engineering & physics
JID - 9422753
SB  - IM
MH  - *Defibrillators, Implantable/adverse effects
MH  - Electricity
MH  - Electromagnetic Fields/adverse effects
MH  - Heart
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Magnetic Fields
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - 50/60 Hz
OT  - Active Implantable Medical Device (AIMD)
OT  - Electromagnetic Interference (EMI)
OT  - Immunity thresholds
OT  - Occupational exposure
EDAT- 2022/06/01 06:00
MHDA- 2022/06/03 06:00
CRDT- 2022/05/31 21:04
PHST- 2021/12/17 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/03/17 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/04/12 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/05/31 21:04 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/06/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/06/03 06:00 [medline]
AID - S1350-4533(22)00048-0 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.medengphy.2022.103799 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Med Eng Phys. 2022 Jun;104:103799. doi: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2022.103799. Epub 
      2022 Apr 13.