PMID- 35647669
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220914
LR  - 20221021
IS  - 1520-5851 (Electronic)
IS  - 0013-936X (Print)
IS  - 0013-936X (Linking)
VI  - 56
IP  - 12
DP  - 2022 Jun 21
TI  - Persistent Problem: Global Challenges to Managing PCBs.
PG  - 9029-9040
LID - 10.1021/acs.est.2c01204 [doi]
AB  - Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), "famous" as persistent organic pollutants 
      (POPs), have been managed nationally since the 1970s and globally under the 
      Stockholm Convention on POPs since 2004, requiring environmentally sound 
      management (ESM) of PCBs by 2028. At most, 30% of countries are on track to 
      achieve ESM by 2028. Globally over 10 million tonnes of PCB-containing materials 
      remain, mostly in countries lacking the ability to manage PCB waste. Canada 
      (Ontario) and Czechia, both parties to the Stockholm Convention, are close to 
      achieving the 2028 goal, having reduced their stocks of pure PCBs by 99% in the 
      past 10 years. In contrast, the USA, not a party to the Stockholm Convention, 
      continues to have a substantial but poorly inventoried stock of PCBs and only  approximately 3% 
      decrease in mass of PCBs since 2006. PCB management, which depends on Stockholm 
      Convention support and national compliance, portends major challenges for POP 
      management. The failure to manage global PCB stocks >30 years after the end of 
      production highlights the urgent need to prioritize reducing production and use 
      of newer, more widely distributed POPs such as chlorinated paraffins and per- and 
      polyfluorinated alkyl substances, as these management challenges are unlikely to 
      be resolved in the coming decades.
FAU - Melymuk, Lisa
AU  - Melymuk L
AD  - Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno 611 37, Czech Republic.
AD  - Department of Earth Sciences, University of Toronto, 22 Ursula Franklin Street, 
      Toronto, Ontario M5S 3B1, Canada.
FAU - Blumenthal, Jonathan
AU  - Blumenthal J
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4399-0422
AD  - Department of Earth Sciences, University of Toronto, 22 Ursula Franklin Street, 
      Toronto, Ontario M5S 3B1, Canada.
FAU - Sanka, Ondrej
AU  - Sanka O
AD  - Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno 611 37, Czech Republic.
FAU - Shu-Yin, Adriana
AU  - Shu-Yin A
AD  - Department of Earth Sciences, University of Toronto, 22 Ursula Franklin Street, 
      Toronto, Ontario M5S 3B1, Canada.
FAU - Singla, Veena
AU  - Singla V
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5107-0717
AD  - Healthy People & Thriving Communities Program, Natural Resources Defense Council, 
      San Francisco, California 94104, United States.
FAU - Sebkova, Katerina
AU  - Sebkova K
AD  - Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno 611 37, Czech Republic.
FAU - Pullen Fedinick, Kristi
AU  - Pullen Fedinick K
AD  - Science Office, Natural Resources Defense Council, Washington, D.C. 20005, United 
      States.
FAU - Diamond, Miriam L
AU  - Diamond ML
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6296-6431
AD  - Department of Earth Sciences, University of Toronto, 22 Ursula Franklin Street, 
      Toronto, Ontario M5S 3B1, Canada.
AD  - School of the Environment, University of Toronto, 149 College Street, Toronto, 
      Ontario M5T 1P5, Canada.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20220601
PL  - United States
TA  - Environ Sci Technol
JT  - Environmental science & technology
JID - 0213155
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - 8002-74-2 (Paraffin)
RN  - DFC2HB4I0K (Polychlorinated Biphenyls)
SB  - IM
MH  - Environmental Monitoring
MH  - *Environmental Pollutants/analysis
MH  - Ontario
MH  - Paraffin
MH  - *Polychlorinated Biphenyls/analysis
PMC - PMC9228072
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Canada
OT  - Czechia
OT  - PCB stocks
OT  - Stockholm Convention
OT  - USA
OT  - chemicals management
OT  - environmentally sound management
OT  - persistent organic pollutants
OT  - polychlorinated biphenyls
COIS- The authors declare no competing financial interest.
EDAT- 2022/06/02 06:00
MHDA- 2022/09/15 06:00
PMCR- 2022/06/24
CRDT- 2022/06/01 11:53
PHST- 2022/06/02 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/09/15 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/06/01 11:53 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/06/24 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1021/acs.est.2c01204 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Sci Technol. 2022 Jun 21;56(12):9029-9040. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.2c01204. 
      Epub 2022 Jun 1.