PMID- 35652331
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20221104
LR  - 20221222
IS  - 1557-9042 (Electronic)
IS  - 0897-7151 (Linking)
VI  - 39
IP  - 21-22
DP  - 2022 Nov
TI  - Effects of Isolated and Combined Exposure of the Brain and Lungs to a 
      Laser-Induced Shock Wave(s) on Physiological and Neurological Responses in Rats.
PG  - 1533-1546
LID - 10.1089/neu.2022.0101 [doi]
AB  - Blast-induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI) has been suggested to be caused by 
      direct head exposure and by torso exposure to a shock wave (thoracic hypotheses). 
      It is unclear, however, how torso exposure affects the brain in real time. This 
      study applied a mild-impulse laser-induced shock wave(s) (LISW[s]) only to the 
      brain (Group 1), lungs (Group 2), or to the brain and lungs (Group 3) in rats. 
      Because LISWs are unaccompanied by a dynamic pressure in principle, the effects 
      of acceleration can be excluded, allowing analysis of the pure primary mechanism 
      (the effects of a shock wave). For all rat groups, real-time monitoring of the 
      brain and systemic responses were conducted for up to 1 h post-exposure and motor 
      function assessments for up to seven days post-exposure. As reported previously, 
      brain exposure alone caused cortical spreading depolarization (CSD), followed by 
      long-lasting hypoxemia and oligemia in the cortices (Group 1). It was found that 
      even LISW application only to the lungs caused prolonged hypoxemia and 
      mitochondrial dysfunction in the cortices (Group 2). Importantly, features of CSD 
      and mitochondrial dysfunction were significantly exacerbated by combined exposure 
      (Group 3) compared with those caused by brain exposure alone (Group 1). Motor 
      dysfunction was observed in all exposure groups, but their time courses differed 
      depending on the groups. Rats with brain exposure alone exhibited the most 
      evident motor dysfunction at one day post-exposure, and after that, it did not 
      change much for up to seven days post-exposure. Alternatively, two groups of rats 
      with lung exposure (Group 2 and Group 3) exhibited continuously aggravated motor 
      functions for up to seven days post-exposure, suggesting different mechanisms for 
      motor dysfunction caused by brain exposure and that caused by lung exposure. As 
      for the reported thoracic hypotheses, our observations seem to support the 
      volumetric blood surge and vagovagal reflex. Overall, the results of this study 
      indicate the importance of the torso guard to protect the brain and its function.
FAU - Kawauchi, Satoko
AU  - Kawauchi S
AD  - Division of Bioinformation and Therapeutic Systems, National Defense Medical 
      College Research Institute, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan.
FAU - Yoshida, Keiichiro
AU  - Yoshida K
AD  - Division of Bioinformation and Therapeutic Systems, National Defense Medical 
      College Research Institute, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan.
FAU - Osawa, Takuya
AU  - Osawa T
AD  - Graduate School of Bio-Applications & Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of 
      Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan.
FAU - Muramatsu, Yuriko
AU  - Muramatsu Y
AD  - Division of Bioinformation and Therapeutic Systems, National Defense Medical 
      College Research Institute, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan.
FAU - Nawashiro, Hiroshi
AU  - Nawashiro H
AD  - Division of Neurosurgery, Tokorozawa Central Hospital, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 
      Japan.
FAU - Karna, Shashi P
AU  - Karna SP
AD  - US Army Combat Capabilities Development Command Army Research Laboratory, 
      Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, USA.
FAU - Gupta, Raj K
AU  - Gupta RK
AD  - US Army Medical Research and Development Command, Fort Detrick, Maryland, USA.
FAU - Nishidate, Izumi
AU  - Nishidate I
AD  - Graduate School of Bio-Applications & Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of 
      Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan.
FAU - Sato, Shunichi
AU  - Sato S
AD  - Division of Bioinformation and Therapeutic Systems, National Defense Medical 
      College Research Institute, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
DEP - 20220712
PL  - United States
TA  - J Neurotrauma
JT  - Journal of neurotrauma
JID - 8811626
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Rats
MH  - *Blast Injuries/complications
MH  - Brain
MH  - Lasers
MH  - Lung
MH  - Hypoxia/complications
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - blast-induced traumatic brain injury
OT  - cortical spreading depolarization
OT  - hemodynamics
OT  - motor function
OT  - real-time monitoring
OT  - thoracic hypotheses
EDAT- 2022/06/03 06:00
MHDA- 2022/11/05 06:00
CRDT- 2022/06/02 05:02
PHST- 2022/06/03 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/11/05 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/06/02 05:02 [entrez]
AID - 10.1089/neu.2022.0101 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Neurotrauma. 2022 Nov;39(21-22):1533-1546. doi: 10.1089/neu.2022.0101. Epub 
      2022 Jul 12.