PMID- 35659207
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220920
LR  - 20221003
IS  - 1747-0927 (Electronic)
IS  - 1747-0919 (Linking)
VI  - 17
IP  - 4
DP  - 2022 Aug
TI  - Empathy, defending, and functional connectivity while witnessing social 
      exclusion.
PG  - 352-367
LID - 10.1080/17470919.2022.2086618 [doi]
AB  - Peers are present for most bullying episodes. Peers who witness bullying can play 
      an important role in either stopping or perpetuating the behavior. Defending can 
      greatly benefit victimized peers. Empathy is strongly associated with defending. 
      Yet, less is known about defenders' neural response to witnessing social 
      distress, and how this response may relate to the link between empathy and 
      defending. Forty-six first-year undergraduate students (M(age) = 17.7; 37 women), 
      with varied history of peer defending, underwent fMRI scanning while witnessing a 
      depiction of social exclusion. Functional connectivity analysis was performed 
      across brain regions that are involved in cognitive empathy, empathetic distress, 
      and compassion. History of defending was positively associated with functional 
      connectivity (Exclusion > Inclusion) between the left orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) 
      - medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC), and right OFC - left and right amygdalae. 
      Defending was negatively associated with functional connectivity between the left 
      OFC - anterior cingulate cortex. The relationship between history of defending 
      and empathy (specifically, empathetic perspective taking) was moderated by 
      functional connectivity of the right OFC - left amygdala. These findings suggest 
      that coactivation of brain regions involved in compassionate emotion regulation 
      and empathetic distress play a role in the relationship between empathy and peer 
      defending.
FAU - McIver, Theresa A
AU  - McIver TA
AD  - Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
FAU - Craig, Wendy
AU  - Craig W
AD  - Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
FAU - Bosma, Rachael L
AU  - Bosma RL
AD  - Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
FAU - Chiarella, Julian
AU  - Chiarella J
AD  - Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
FAU - Klassen, Janell
AU  - Klassen J
AD  - Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
FAU - Sandre, Aislinn
AU  - Sandre A
AD  - Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
FAU - Goegan, Sarah
AU  - Goegan S
AD  - Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
FAU - Booij, Linda
AU  - Booij L
AD  - Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
AD  - Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20220621
PL  - England
TA  - Soc Neurosci
JT  - Social neuroscience
JID - 101279009
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - *Bullying/psychology
MH  - *Crime Victims/psychology
MH  - Empathy
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Magnetic Resonance Imaging
MH  - Peer Group
MH  - Social Isolation
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Defending
OT  - empathy
OT  - functional connectivity
OT  - peer victimization
OT  - social exclusion
EDAT- 2022/06/07 06:00
MHDA- 2022/09/21 06:00
CRDT- 2022/06/06 10:35
PHST- 2022/06/07 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/09/21 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/06/06 10:35 [entrez]
AID - 10.1080/17470919.2022.2086618 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Soc Neurosci. 2022 Aug;17(4):352-367. doi: 10.1080/17470919.2022.2086618. Epub 
      2022 Jun 21.