PMID- 35660706
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20230307
LR  - 20230307
IS  - 1423-033X (Electronic)
IS  - 0254-4962 (Linking)
VI  - 56
IP  - 1-2
DP  - 2023
TI  - Childhood Maltreatment and Its Association with Cognitive Ability in Young People 
      Suspected to Be at Clinical High Risk of Psychosis.
PG  - 17-28
LID - 10.1159/000524947 [doi]
AB  - INTRODUCTION: Childhood maltreatment is associated with both reduced cognitive 
      functioning and the development of psychotic symptoms. However, the specific 
      relationship between childhood maltreatment, cognitive abilities and 
      (pre)psychotic symptoms remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to 
      investigate the association between childhood maltreatment and tasks of verbal 
      memory and processing speed in a help-seeking sample of an early detection of 
      psychosis service. METHODS: A total of 274 participants consisting of 177 
      clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis subjects and 97 clinical controls (CC) 
      with subthreshold CHR underwent a battery of neurocognitive assessments measuring 
      the latent variables verbal memory and processing speed. Additionally, the Trauma 
      and Distress Scale (TADS) was administered to assess varying childhood 
      maltreatment subtypes. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine 
      associations between verbal memory, processing speed, and maltreatment subtypes. 
      Other factors in the model were age, gender, clinical group (CHR or CC), and the 
      presence of different CHR criteria. RESULTS: Physical abuse was associated with 
      lower scores in verbal memory and processing speed. The explained variance in the 
      SEM reached up to 9.5% for verbal memory and 24.9% for processing speed. Both 
      latent variables were each associated with the presence of cognitive-perceptive 
      basic symptoms. Lower verbal memory was additionally associated with the clinical 
      high-risk group, and processing speed capacity was associated with higher age and 
      female gender. CONCLUSION: Childhood physical abuse in particular was associated 
      with poorer performance on verbal memory and processing speed across both groups 
      of CHR and CC with subthreshold CHR symptoms. This adds to the current literature 
      on reduced cognitive abilities when childhood maltreatment had occurred, albeit 
      subtype dependent. Our findings, together with high prevalence rates of childhood 
      maltreatment in patients with psychosis or CHR states, along with the presence of 
      cognitive deficits in these patients, highlight the importance of not only 
      assessing cognition but also childhood maltreatment in managing these patients. 
      Future research should investigate the specific biological mechanisms of 
      childhood maltreatment on verbal memory and processing speed in CHR subjects, as 
      neurobiological alterations might explain the underlying mechanisms.
CI  - (c) 2022 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel.
FAU - Buetiger, Jessica R
AU  - Buetiger JR
AD  - University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 
      University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
FAU - Michel, Chantal
AU  - Michel C
AD  - University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 
      University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
FAU - Kaess, Michael
AU  - Kaess M
AD  - University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 
      University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
AD  - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, 
      University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
FAU - Kindler, Jochen
AU  - Kindler J
AD  - University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 
      University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20220603
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Psychopathology
JT  - Psychopathology
JID - 8401537
SB  - IM
MH  - Humans
MH  - Female
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Child
MH  - Neuropsychological Tests
MH  - *Psychotic Disorders/diagnosis
MH  - *Cognition Disorders/psychology
MH  - Cognition
MH  - *Child Abuse
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Childhood maltreatment
OT  - Clinical high risk for psychosis
OT  - Physical abuse
OT  - Processing speed
OT  - Verbal memory
EDAT- 2022/06/07 06:00
MHDA- 2023/03/08 06:00
CRDT- 2022/06/06 11:45
PHST- 2021/07/01 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/04/25 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/06/07 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/03/08 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/06/06 11:45 [entrez]
AID - 000524947 [pii]
AID - 10.1159/000524947 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Psychopathology. 2023;56(1-2):17-28. doi: 10.1159/000524947. Epub 2022 Jun 3.