PMID- 35693184
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20220716
IS  - 1664-462X (Print)
IS  - 1664-462X (Electronic)
IS  - 1664-462X (Linking)
VI  - 13
DP  - 2022
TI  - Activation of NLR-Mediated Autoimmunity in Arabidopsis Early in Short Days 4 
      Mutant.
PG  - 881212
LID - 10.3389/fpls.2022.881212 [doi]
LID - 881212
AB  - From a reverse genetic screen using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing tool, we 
      unintentionally identified an autoimmune mutant. Map-based cloning and 
      whole-genome sequencing revealed that it contains a deletion in SMALL 
      UBIQUITIN-RELATED MODIFIER (SUMO) protease encoding gene EARLY IN SHORT DAYS 4 
      (ESD4). Previous studies reported that esd4 mutants accumulate elevated levels of 
      plant defense hormone salicylic acid (SA). However, upregulated 
      PATHOGENESIS-RELATED GENE 1 (PR1) expression in esd4 only partly relies on SA 
      level. In this study, we show that plant metabolite N-hydroxypipecolic acid (NHP) 
      biosynthetic genes are upregulated in esd4, and NHP biosynthesis mutant 
      flavin-dependent-monooxygenase 1 (fmo1) partially suppresses the autoimmune 
      phenotypes of esd4, suggestive of a requirement of NHP signaling for the 
      autoimmunity in esd4. As activation of nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat 
      immune receptors (NLRs) are associates with the biosynthesis of SA and NHP and 
      lipase-like protein ENHANCED DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY 1 (EDS1) is a key component 
      downstream of many NLRs, we examined the relationship between EDS1 and ESD4 by 
      analyzing the eds1 esd4 double mutant. We found that eds1 largely suppresses esd4 
      autoimmunity and blocks the elevated expressions of SA and NHP 
      biosynthesis-related genes in esd4. Overall, our study provides evidence 
      supporting the hypothesis that SUMO protease ESD4 likely targets a yet to be 
      identified guardee of NLR by removing its SUMO modification to avoid recognition 
      by the cognate NLR. Loss of ESD4 results in activation of NLR-mediated 
      autoimmunity.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2022 Huang, Liu, Huang, Fernando, Li and Xia.
FAU - Huang, Xingchuan
AU  - Huang X
AD  - Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, College 
      of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.
AD  - Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, 
      Canada.
FAU - Liu, Yanan
AU  - Liu Y
AD  - Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, College 
      of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.
FAU - Huang, Jianhua
AU  - Huang J
AD  - Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, 
      Canada.
AD  - Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
FAU - Fernando, W G Dilantha
AU  - Fernando WGD
AD  - Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
FAU - Li, Xin
AU  - Li X
AD  - Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, 
      Canada.
AD  - Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
FAU - Xia, Shitou
AU  - Xia S
AD  - Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, College 
      of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20220525
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Plant Sci
JT  - Frontiers in plant science
JID - 101568200
PMC - PMC9174647
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - EDS1
OT  - ESD4
OT  - NHP signaling
OT  - NLR
OT  - SUMO modification
OT  - autoimmunity
COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any 
      commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential 
      conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2022/06/14 06:00
MHDA- 2022/06/14 06:01
PMCR- 2022/01/01
CRDT- 2022/06/13 03:11
PHST- 2022/02/22 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/05/04 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/06/13 03:11 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/06/14 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/06/14 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2022/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fpls.2022.881212 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Plant Sci. 2022 May 25;13:881212. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.881212. 
      eCollection 2022.