PMID- 35700545
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20220701
IS  - 2040-3372 (Electronic)
IS  - 2040-3364 (Linking)
VI  - 14
IP  - 25
DP  - 2022 Jun 30
TI  - Graphene oxide-mediated thermo-reversible bonds and in situ grown nano-rods 
      trigger 'self-healable' interfaces in carbon fiber laminates.
PG  - 9004-9020
LID - 10.1039/d2nr01234k [doi]
AB  - Carbon fiber reinforced epoxy (CFRE) laminate structures have emerged as 
      futuristic materials having surpassed metals in strength and durability. The 
      interfacial chemistry determines the mechanical performance of such laminates. In 
      this study, a unique approach was adopted wherein the alternate layers of the 
      carbon fiber (CF) mat were grown in situ with ZnO nano-rods and modified with 
      bis-maleimide (BMI), and epoxy resin containing 0.2 or 0.5 wt% graphene oxide 
      (GO) was infused using conventional VARTM technology to enhance the mechanical 
      interlocking of epoxy with the fiber as well as to impart self-healing properties 
      to the laminate. While ZnO rods offer surface roughness thereby facilitating 
      better wetting of epoxy, the Diels-Alder thermo-reversible bonds between BMI and 
      GO facilitate self-healing properties besides improving the interfacial adhesion 
      between epoxy and CF. The rationale behind this work is to synergistically 
      improve the interface-dominated mechanical properties like interlaminar shear 
      strength (ILSS) while maintaining or even improving fiber-dominated properties 
      like flexural strength (FS) as well as imparting considerable recovery in 
      strength post the self-healing cycle. The laminates after this treatment (having 
      0.5 wt% GO) indeed exhibited 46% improvement in FS and 33% improvement in ILSS 
      properties as well as an ILSS recovery of 70%. The surface analysis suggests that 
      ZnO nano-rods offer surface roughness that helps in the wettability of the matrix 
      on the fibers. In addition, the 2D and 3D representative volume analysis (RVE) 
      model was established to identify the load transfer behaviour in the ZnO-CF-epoxy 
      interface in the microscale reference region. The fractographic analysis 
      confirmed that rigid ZnO nano-rods allowed better matrix adhesion resulting in 
      improved mechanical performance.
FAU - Banerjee, Poulami
AU  - Banerjee P
AD  - Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore - 
      560012, India. sbose@iisc.ac.in.
FAU - Parasuram, Sampath
AU  - Parasuram S
AD  - Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore - 
      560012, India. sbose@iisc.ac.in.
FAU - Kumar, S
AU  - Kumar S
AD  - Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore - 
      560012, India. sbose@iisc.ac.in.
FAU - Bose, Suryasarathi
AU  - Bose S
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8043-9192
AD  - Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore - 
      560012, India. sbose@iisc.ac.in.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20220630
PL  - England
TA  - Nanoscale
JT  - Nanoscale
JID - 101525249
SB  - IM
EDAT- 2022/06/15 06:00
MHDA- 2022/06/15 06:01
CRDT- 2022/06/14 18:02
PHST- 2022/06/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/06/15 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2022/06/14 18:02 [entrez]
AID - 10.1039/d2nr01234k [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Nanoscale. 2022 Jun 30;14(25):9004-9020. doi: 10.1039/d2nr01234k.