PMID- 35715401
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20230206
IS  - 2041-1723 (Electronic)
IS  - 2041-1723 (Linking)
VI  - 13
IP  - 1
DP  - 2022 Jun 17
TI  - Three-dimensional photonic topological insulator without spin-orbit coupling.
PG  - 3499
LID - 10.1038/s41467-022-30909-0 [doi]
LID - 3499
AB  - Spin-orbit coupling, a fundamental mechanism underlying topological insulators, 
      has been introduced to construct the latter's photonic analogs, or photonic 
      topological insulators (PTIs). However, the intrinsic lack of electronic spin in 
      photonic systems leads to various imperfections in emulating the behaviors of 
      topological insulators. For example, in the recently demonstrated 
      three-dimensional (3D) PTI, the topological surface states emerge, not on the 
      surface of a single crystal as in a 3D topological insulator, but along an 
      internal domain wall between two PTIs. Here, by fully abolishing spin-orbit 
      coupling, we design and demonstrate a 3D PTI whose topological surface states are 
      self-guided on its surface, without extra confinement by another PTI or any other 
      cladding. The topological phase follows the original Fu's model for the 
      topological crystalline insulator without spin-orbit coupling. Unlike 
      conventional linear Dirac cones, a unique quadratic dispersion of topological 
      surface states is directly observed with microwave measurement. Our work opens 
      routes to the topological manipulation of photons at the outer surface of 
      photonic bandgap materials.
CI  - (c) 2022. The Author(s).
FAU - Kim, Minkyung
AU  - Kim M
AD  - Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology 
      (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Wang, Zihao
AU  - Wang Z
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7669-3526
AD  - Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical 
      Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore.
FAU - Yang, Yihao
AU  - Yang Y
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2234-3202
AD  - Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical 
      Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore.
AD  - Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Modern 
      Optical Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Science and Technology Innovation 
      Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
FAU - Teo, Hau Tian
AU  - Teo HT
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4488-5915
AD  - Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical 
      Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore.
FAU - Rho, Junsuk
AU  - Rho J
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2179-2890
AD  - Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology 
      (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea. jsrho@postech.ac.kr.
AD  - Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology 
      (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea. jsrho@postech.ac.kr.
AD  - POSCO-POSTECH-RIST Convergence Research Center for Flat Optics and Metaphotonics, 
      Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea. jsrho@postech.ac.kr.
FAU - Zhang, Baile
AU  - Zhang B
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1673-5901
AD  - Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical 
      Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore. 
      blzhang@ntu.edu.sg.
AD  - Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, Nanyang Technological University, 
      Singapore, 639798, Singapore. blzhang@ntu.edu.sg.
LA  - eng
GR  - NRF-2022R1C1C2004662/National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)/
GR  - NRF-2019R1A2C3003129/National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)/
GR  - 62175215/National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science 
      Foundation of China)/
GR  - MOE-2018-T2-1-022(S)/Ministry of Education - Singapore (MOE)/
GR  - MOE-2016-T3-1-006/Ministry of Education - Singapore (MOE)/
GR  - NRF-CRP23-2019-0007/National Research Foundation Singapore (National Research 
      Foundation-Prime Minister's office, Republic of Singapore)/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20220617
PL  - England
TA  - Nat Commun
JT  - Nature communications
JID - 101528555
SB  - IM
PMC - PMC9205999
COIS- The authors declare no competing interests.
EDAT- 2022/06/18 06:00
MHDA- 2022/06/18 06:01
PMCR- 2022/06/17
CRDT- 2022/06/17 23:15
PHST- 2022/03/22 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/05/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/06/17 23:15 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/06/18 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/06/18 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2022/06/17 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1038/s41467-022-30909-0 [pii]
AID - 30909 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/s41467-022-30909-0 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Nat Commun. 2022 Jun 17;13(1):3499. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-30909-0.