PMID- 35722556
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20220716
IS  - 1664-0640 (Print)
IS  - 1664-0640 (Electronic)
IS  - 1664-0640 (Linking)
VI  - 13
DP  - 2022
TI  - Prevalence and Associated Factors of Diabetes Distress, Depression and Anxiety 
      Among Primary Care Patients With Type 2 Diabetes During the COVID-19 Pandemic in 
      Egypt: A Cross-Sectional Study.
PG  - 937973
LID - 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.937973 [doi]
LID - 937973
AB  - The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is growing worldwide. T2DM is 
      often complicated by a range of psychological disorders that interfere with 
      glycemic control and self-care. Previous studies have reported diabetes distress, 
      depression, and anxiety among patients with T2DM; however; little is known about 
      the burden of these comorbid mental disorders in primary care patients with T2DM 
      treated in Egypt during the COVID-19 era. Participants were selected by 
      convenient sampling from eight rural primary healthcare facilities from Ismailia 
      in Egypt. Symptoms of diabetes distress, depression and anxiety were assessed by 
      using the Arabic version of the 20-item Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID), Patient 
      Health Questionnaire 9, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scales, respectively. 
      Multiple hierarchical logistic regression models were used to estimate the 
      significant factors associated with diabetes distress, depression, and anxiety. A 
      total of 403 individuals with T2DM were interviewed. The prevalence of severe 
      diabetes distress was 13.4% (95% CI: 10.1-16.7), while prevalence of depressive 
      and anxiety symptoms was 9.2% (95% CI: 6.4-12.0%), and 4.0% (95% CI: 2.1-5.9), 
      respectively. In a series of hierarchical logistic regression models, significant 
      predictors for diabetes distress were being married, illiterate, not-working, 
      living with insufficient income, and having multi-comorbidities. Likewise, the 
      significant predictors for depression and anxiety were elevated glycated 
      hemoglobin level and the higher PAID total score, while having 
      multi-comorbidities was a significant predictor for anxiety only. Diabetes 
      distress was more prevalent than depressive and anxiety symptoms in this study 
      population. Several sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were identified 
      to be related with psychological problems among patients with T2DM, which 
      necessitate a multidisciplinary team-based approach for optimal screening and 
      management.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2022 Sayed Ahmed, Fouad, Elotla, Joudeh, Mostafa, Shah, Shah and 
      Mohamed.
FAU - Sayed Ahmed, Hazem A
AU  - Sayed Ahmed HA
AD  - Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, 
      Ismailia, Egypt.
FAU - Fouad, Ahmed Mahmoud
AU  - Fouad AM
AD  - Department of Public Health, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of 
      Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
FAU - Elotla, Sally Fawzy
AU  - Elotla SF
AD  - Department of Public Health, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of 
      Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
FAU - Joudeh, Anwar I
AU  - Joudeh AI
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jordan, 
      Amman, Jordan.
FAU - Mostafa, Mona
AU  - Mostafa M
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, 
      Ismailia, Egypt.
FAU - Shah, Asghar
AU  - Shah A
AD  - Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, United 
      States.
FAU - Shah, Jaffer
AU  - Shah J
AD  - Medical Research Center, Kateb University, Kabul, Afghanistan.
FAU - Mohamed, Samar F
AU  - Mohamed SF
AD  - Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, 
      Ismailia, Egypt.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20220603
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Psychiatry
JT  - Frontiers in psychiatry
JID - 101545006
PMC - PMC9203894
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - COVID-19
OT  - anxiety
OT  - depression
OT  - diabetes distress
OT  - primary healthcare
OT  - type 2 diabetes
COIS- AJ was employed by Hamad medical Corporation. The remaining authors declare that 
      the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial 
      relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2022/06/21 06:00
MHDA- 2022/06/21 06:01
PMCR- 2022/06/03
CRDT- 2022/06/20 04:09
PHST- 2022/05/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/05/16 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/06/20 04:09 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/06/21 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/06/21 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2022/06/03 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.937973 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Psychiatry. 2022 Jun 3;13:937973. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.937973. 
      eCollection 2022.