PMID- 35726919 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220902 LR - 20221003 IS - 2150-7511 (Electronic) VI - 13 IP - 4 DP - 2022 Aug 30 TI - Bacterial Signatures of Cerebral Thrombi in Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke. PG - e0108522 LID - 10.1128/mbio.01085-22 [doi] LID - e01085-22 AB - It is important to understand the microbial features of the cerebral thrombus and its clinical relevance in stroke patients, of which data were scarce. We aimed to investigate the microbial features of cerebral thrombi retrieved via thrombectomy in stroke patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) and their correlations with 3-month mortality. In a prospective cohort study, thrombus samples were collected during mechanical thrombectomy in LVO stroke patients with successful revascularization at a tertiary hospital. Oral, fecal, and isolated plasma samples were collected within 12 h of admission. The microbial compositions of all samples were compared using 16S rRNA gene amplicon next-generation sequencing. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to detect bacteria in thrombus samples. The primary outcome was 3-month mortality. Perioperative adverse events (AEs) within 48 h were also recorded. Bacterial DNA was detected in 96.2% of thrombus samples from 104 patients, and clusters of bacterial signals were seen in the thrombi with FISH. Compared with fecal and oral samples, the thrombus microbiota was mainly characterized by excessive enrichment of Proteobacteria, mainly originating from plasma. The bacterial concentrations, dominant bacteria, and distribution patterns differed in thrombi obtained from cardioembolic and large-artery atherosclerotic strokes. Higher abundances of Acinetobacter and Enterobacteriaceae were associated with a higher risk of perioperative AEs, and a higher abundance of Acinetobacter was independently associated with a higher risk of 90-day mortality. This study demonstrated the presence of bacteria in cerebral thrombi retrieved with thrombectomy in LVO strokes, with some bacteria associated with patients' prognoses. IMPORTANCE In this study, we (i) checked for the presence of bacteria in cerebral thrombi in over 95% of the LVO stroke patients using 16S rRNA sequencing, in contrast with periprocedural control samples that are bacteria negative; (ii) visualized clusters of bacterial signals in the thrombi using FISH; and (iii) cultivated Lactobacillus vaginalis, Bacillus cereus, and Kocuria marina in the bacterial culture of the tissue fragment solution of thrombus aspirates. We found excessive enrichment of Proteobacteria in the thrombi, mainly originating from plasma, as indicated with fast expectation-maximization microbial source tracking (FEAST). Different bacterial concentrations, dominant bacteria, and distribution patterns were found in thrombi obtained from cardioembolic and large-artery atherosclerotic LVO strokes. There was an association between higher abundances of Acinetobacter and Enterobacteriaceae in the thrombi and a higher risk of perioperative adverse events and an association between a higher abundance of Acinetobacter in the thrombi and a higher risk of 90-day mortality. FAU - Liao, Yu AU - Liao Y AD - Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. AD - Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Zeng, Xiuli AU - Zeng X AD - Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Xie, Xiaomei AU - Xie X AD - Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Liang, Dan AU - Liang D AD - Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Qiao, Hongyu AU - Qiao H AD - Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Wang, Wence AU - Wang W AD - Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Guan, Min AU - Guan M AD - Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Huang, Shengming AU - Huang S AD - Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Jing, Zhen AU - Jing Z AD - Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. FAU - Leng, Xinyi AU - Leng X AD - Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. FAU - Huang, Li'an AU - Huang L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0416-7532 AD - Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220621 PL - United States TA - mBio JT - mBio JID - 101519231 RN - 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 16S) SB - IM MH - *Atherosclerosis MH - Bacteria/genetics MH - *Brain Ischemia/surgery MH - Humans MH - In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence MH - *Intracranial Thrombosis/surgery MH - Prospective Studies MH - RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Stroke/surgery MH - *Thrombosis PMC - PMC9426487 OTO - NOTNLM OT - 16S sequencing OT - FISH OT - acute ischemic stroke OT - bacteria OT - mechanical thrombectomy COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/06/22 06:00 MHDA- 2022/09/03 06:00 PMCR- 2022/06/21 CRDT- 2022/06/21 08:33 PHST- 2022/06/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/09/03 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/06/21 08:33 [entrez] PHST- 2022/06/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 01085-22 [pii] AID - mbio.01085-22 [pii] AID - 10.1128/mbio.01085-22 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - mBio. 2022 Aug 30;13(4):e0108522. doi: 10.1128/mbio.01085-22. Epub 2022 Jun 21.