PMID- 35757868
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20231216
LR  - 20231216
IS  - 1549-7852 (Electronic)
IS  - 1040-8398 (Linking)
VI  - 63
IP  - 32
DP  - 2023
TI  - Effects of the ketogenic diet on performance and body composition in athletes and 
      trained adults: a systematic review and Bayesian multivariate multilevel 
      meta-analysis and meta-regression.
PG  - 11399-11424
LID - 10.1080/10408398.2022.2090894 [doi]
AB  - This systematic review with meta-analysis aimed to determine the effects of the 
      ketogenic diet (KD) against carbohydrate (CHO)-rich diets on physical performance 
      and body composition in trained individuals. The MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, 
      SPORTDiscus, and The Cochrane Library were searched. Randomized and 
      non-randomized controlled trials in athletes/trained adults were included. 
      Meta-analytic models were carried out using Bayesian multilevel models. Eighteen 
      studies were included providing estimates on cyclic exercise modes and strength 
      one-maximum repetition (1-RM) performances and for total, fat, and free-fat 
      masses. There were more favorable effects for CHO-rich than KD on time-trial 
      performance (mode [95% credible interval]; -3.3% [-8.5%, 1.7%]), 1-RM (-5.7% 
      [-14.9%, 2.6%]), and free-fat mass (-0.8 [-3.4, 1.9] kg); effects were more 
      favorable to KD on total (-2.4 [-6.2, 1.8] kg) and fat mass losses (-2.4 [-5.4, 
      0.2] kg). Likely modifying effects on cyclic performance were the subject's sex 
      and VO(2)max, intervention and performance durations, and mode of exercise. The 
      intervention duration and subjects' sex were likely to modify effects on total 
      body mass. KD can be a useful strategy for total and fat body losses, but a small 
      negative effect on free-fat mass was observed. KD was not suitable for enhancing 
      strength 1-RM or high-intensity cyclic performances.
FAU - Koerich, Ana Clara C
AU  - Koerich ACC
AD  - Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa 
      Catarina, University Campus, Trindade, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
FAU - Borszcz, Fernando Klitzke
AU  - Borszcz FK
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3773-6906
AD  - Physical Effort Laboratory, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 
      University Campus, Pantanal, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
FAU - Thives Mello, Arthur
AU  - Thives Mello A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5507-7249
AD  - Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa 
      Catarina, University Campus, Trindade, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
FAU - de Lucas, Ricardo Dantas
AU  - de Lucas RD
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8566-3086
AD  - Physical Effort Laboratory, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 
      University Campus, Pantanal, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
FAU - Hansen, Fernanda
AU  - Hansen F
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4934-9572
AD  - Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa 
      Catarina, University Campus, Trindade, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Meta-Analysis
PT  - Systematic Review
DEP - 20220627
PL  - United States
TA  - Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr
JT  - Critical reviews in food science and nutrition
JID - 8914818
RN  - 0 (Dietary Carbohydrates)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Diet, Ketogenic
MH  - Bayes Theorem
MH  - Athletes
MH  - Dietary Carbohydrates
MH  - Body Composition
MH  - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Athlete
OT  - body composition
OT  - endurance
OT  - ketogenic diet
OT  - performance
OT  - strength
EDAT- 2022/06/28 06:00
MHDA- 2023/12/17 09:42
CRDT- 2022/06/27 04:34
PHST- 2023/12/17 09:42 [medline]
PHST- 2022/06/28 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/06/27 04:34 [entrez]
AID - 10.1080/10408398.2022.2090894 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2023;63(32):11399-11424. doi: 
      10.1080/10408398.2022.2090894. Epub 2022 Jun 27.