PMID- 35764705
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220630
LR  - 20220630
IS  - 1573-2959 (Electronic)
IS  - 0167-6369 (Linking)
VI  - 194
IP  - 8
DP  - 2022 Jun 28
TI  - Health risk assessment of pesticide residue in freshly harvested Vigna 
      subterranea (Bambara nut) in Nsukka South Eastern Nigeria.
PG  - 536
LID - 10.1007/s10661-022-10201-w [doi]
AB  - Two species of freshly harvested Bambara nut were analyzed for organophosphate 
      and organochlorine pesticide residue using GC-FID and GC-ECD. The risk associated 
      with the consumption of the Bambara nut was evaluated using the health risk index 
      (HRI) and the probable cancer risk (PCR). A maximum of thirteen (13) 
      organochlorines and eight (8) organophosphate pesticides were determined from 
      both species respectively. The results revealed that almost all the quantified 
      pesticides exceeded their respective FAO maximum residue levels (MRLs). The 
      health risk index (HRI) values of the organochlorines and organophosphates were 
      below 1 in adults indicating little or no risk to adults. While the HRI of the 
      organophosphates and a few values in the organochlorines were above 1 in children 
      indicating that organophosphate pesticides in the freshly harvested white and 
      mixed Bambara nut could pose a great health risk to children within these areas. 
      The Hierarchical Cluster Dendrogram indicated similar sources of the assessed 
      organochlorine and organophosphate pesticides.
CI  - (c) 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
FAU - Onwujiogu, Vivian Chinekwu
AU  - Onwujiogu VC
AD  - Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 
      Nigeria.
FAU - Abugu, Hillary Onyeka
AU  - Abugu HO
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6045-8449
AD  - Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 
      Nigeria. Hillary.abugu@unn.edu.ng.
FAU - Okoye, Chukwuma O B
AU  - Okoye COB
AD  - Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 
      Nigeria.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20220628
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Environ Monit Assess
JT  - Environmental monitoring and assessment
JID - 8508350
RN  - 0 (Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated)
RN  - 0 (Insecticides)
RN  - 0 (Organophosphates)
RN  - 0 (Organophosphorus Compounds)
RN  - 0 (Pesticide Residues)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Child
MH  - Environmental Monitoring
MH  - Food Contamination/analysis
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated/analysis
MH  - *Insecticides/analysis
MH  - Nigeria
MH  - Nuts/chemistry
MH  - Organophosphates/analysis
MH  - Organophosphorus Compounds/analysis
MH  - *Pesticide Residues/analysis
MH  - *Pesticides/analysis
MH  - Risk Assessment
MH  - *Vigna
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Bambara nut
OT  - Health risk assessment
OT  - Nigeria
OT  - Organochlorine pesticides
OT  - Organophosphate pesticides
OT  - Vigna subterranea
EDAT- 2022/06/29 06:00
MHDA- 2022/07/01 06:00
CRDT- 2022/06/28 23:24
PHST- 2022/03/12 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/06/18 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/06/28 23:24 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/06/29 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/07/01 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1007/s10661-022-10201-w [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s10661-022-10201-w [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Environ Monit Assess. 2022 Jun 28;194(8):536. doi: 10.1007/s10661-022-10201-w.