PMID- 35766496 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220908 LR - 20221012 IS - 2165-0497 (Electronic) IS - 2165-0497 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 4 DP - 2022 Aug 31 TI - High Pathogenicity of a Chinese NADC34-like PRRSV on Pigs. PG - e0154122 LID - 10.1128/spectrum.01541-22 [doi] LID - e01541-22 AB - NADC34-like porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has been reported to be prevalent in China since 2018 and became one of the main epidemic strains in some areas of China. Yet, the pathogenicity of NADC34-like PRRSV tested by experimental infection has seldomly been investigated. In this study, we infected pigs with JS2021NADC34 PRRSV, a Chinese NADC34-like PRRSV isolated in Jiangsu province in 2021, to study the pathogenicity of this virus strain. Pigs infected with this virus had lasting fever and reduced body weight with high morbidity and mortality. Histopathological changes, including interstitial pneumonia, lymphocyte depletion, acute hemorrhage, and infiltration of neutrophils in the lymphoid tissues, were observed with the viral proteins detected by immunohistochemistry staining using PRRSV-specific antibody. These results suggested that JS2021NADC34 PRRSV is highly pathogenic to pigs. As it is the latest emerging PRRSV strain in China, the prevalence and pathogenicity of NADC34-like PRRSV need to be further investigated. IMPORTANCE NADC34 PRRSV was initially reported in the United States in 2018. Subsequently, this virus strain spread to other countries, including Peru, South Korea, and China. The virus was first found circulating in Northeast China and then spread to more than 10 provinces in China. NADC34 PRRSV causes severe abortion of sows and high mortality of piglets, which lead to huge economic losses to the Chinese pig industry. However, the pathogenicity of NADC34 PRRSV was rarely experimentally evaluated on pigs. In this study, pigs were infected with JS2021NADC34 PRRSV, a Chinese NADC34-like PRRSV isolated in Jiangsu province in 2021. The infected pigs had lasting fever and reduced body weight with high morbidity and mortality. Interstitial pneumonia, lymphocyte depletion, acute hemorrhage, and infiltration of neutrophils were observed in the lymphoid tissues, and high virus load was proved by immunohistochemistry staining. The above results indicated that NADC34 PRRSV has high pathogenicity on pigs. FAU - Yuan, Lili AU - Yuan L AD - Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou Universitygrid.268415.c, Yangzhou, China. AD - Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou Universitygrid.268415.c, Yangzhou, China. FAU - Zhu, Zhenbang AU - Zhu Z AD - Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou Universitygrid.268415.c, Yangzhou, China. AD - Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou Universitygrid.268415.c, Yangzhou, China. FAU - Fan, Juan AU - Fan J AD - Yangzhou Uni-Bio Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Yangzhou, China. FAU - Liu, Panrao AU - Liu P AD - Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou Universitygrid.268415.c, Yangzhou, China. AD - Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou Universitygrid.268415.c, Yangzhou, China. FAU - Li, Yanhua AU - Li Y AD - Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou Universitygrid.268415.c, Yangzhou, China. AD - Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou Universitygrid.268415.c, Yangzhou, China. FAU - Li, Qun AU - Li Q AD - Yangzhou Uni-Bio Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Yangzhou, China. FAU - Sun, Zhe AU - Sun Z AD - National Research Center for Veterinary Medicine, Luoyang, China. FAU - Yu, Xiuling AU - Yu X AD - National Research Center for Veterinary Medicine, Luoyang, China. FAU - Lee, Hu Suk AU - Lee HS AD - International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Hanoi, Vietnam. FAU - Tian, Kegong AU - Tian K AD - National Research Center for Veterinary Medicine, Luoyang, China. FAU - Li, Xiangdong AU - Li X AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4635-1602 AD - Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou Universitygrid.268415.c, Yangzhou, China. AD - Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou Universitygrid.268415.c, Yangzhou, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20220629 PL - United States TA - Microbiol Spectr JT - Microbiology spectrum JID - 101634614 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - Body Weight MH - Female MH - *Lung Diseases, Interstitial MH - Phylogeny MH - *Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome MH - *Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus/genetics MH - Swine MH - Virulence PMC - PMC9431460 OTO - NOTNLM OT - NADC34-like OT - PRRSV OT - pathogenicity OT - porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus OT - viral pathogenesis COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/06/30 06:00 MHDA- 2022/09/09 06:00 PMCR- 2022/06/29 CRDT- 2022/06/29 09:04 PHST- 2022/06/30 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/09/09 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/06/29 09:04 [entrez] PHST- 2022/06/29 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 01541-22 [pii] AID - spectrum.01541-22 [pii] AID - 10.1128/spectrum.01541-22 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Microbiol Spectr. 2022 Aug 31;10(4):e0154122. doi: 10.1128/spectrum.01541-22. Epub 2022 Jun 29.