PMID- 35795693
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20220716
IS  - 2471-1403 (Electronic)
IS  - 2471-1403 (Linking)
VI  - 6
IP  - 3
DP  - 2022 Mar
TI  - Implications of Mitigating Ozone and Fine Particulate Matter Pollution in the 
      Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Greater Bay Area of China Using a Regional-To-Local 
      Coupling Model.
PG  - e2021GH000506
LID - 10.1029/2021GH000506 [doi]
LID - e2021GH000506
AB  - Ultrahigh-resolution air quality models that resolve sharp gradients of pollutant 
      concentrations benefit the assessment of human health impacts. Mitigating fine 
      particulate matter (PM(2.5)) concentrations over the past decade has triggered 
      ozone (O(3)) deterioration in China. Effective control of both pollutants remains 
      poorly understood from an ultrahigh-resolution perspective. We propose a 
      regional-to-local model suitable for quantitatively mitigating pollution pathways 
      at various resolutions. Sensitivity scenarios for controlling nitrogen oxide 
      (NO(x)) and volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions are explored, focusing on 
      traffic and industrial sectors. The results show that concurrent controls on both 
      sectors lead to reductions of 17%, 5%, and 47% in NO(x), PM(2.5), and VOC 
      emissions, respectively. The reduced traffic scenario leads to reduced NO(2) and 
      PM(2.5) but increased O(3) concentrations in urban areas. Guangzhou is located in 
      a VOC-limited O(3) formation regime, and traffic is a key factor in controlling 
      NO(x) and O(3). The reduced industrial VOC scenario leads to reduced O(3) 
      concentrations throughout the mitigation domain. The maximum decrease in median 
      hourly NO(2) is >11 mug/m(3), and the maximum increase in the median daily maximum 
      8-hr rolling O(3) is >10 mug/m(3) for the reduced traffic scenario. When controls on 
      both sectors are applied, the O(3) increase reduces to <7 mug/m(3). The daily 
      averaged PM(2.5) decreases by <2 mug/m(3) for the reduced traffic scenario and 
      varies little for the reduced industrial VOC scenario. An O(3) episode analysis 
      of the dual-control scenario leads to O(3) decreases of up to 15 mug/m(3) (8-hr 
      metric) and 25 mug/m(3) (1-hr metric) in rural areas.
CI  - (c) 2022 The Authors. GeoHealth published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of 
      American Geophysical Union.
FAU - Zhang, Xuguo
AU  - Zhang X
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7857-2525
AD  - Department of Mathematics The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong 
      Kong China.
AD  - Division of Environment and Sustainability The Hong Kong University of Science 
      and Technology Hong Kong China.
FAU - Stocker, Jenny
AU  - Stocker J
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3243-7226
AD  - Cambridge Environmental Research Consultants Cambridge UK.
FAU - Johnson, Kate
AU  - Johnson K
AD  - Cambridge Environmental Research Consultants Cambridge UK.
FAU - Fung, Yik Him
AU  - Fung YH
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7071-1137
AD  - Division of Environment and Sustainability The Hong Kong University of Science 
      and Technology Hong Kong China.
FAU - Yao, Teng
AU  - Yao T
AD  - Division of Environment and Sustainability The Hong Kong University of Science 
      and Technology Hong Kong China.
FAU - Hood, Christina
AU  - Hood C
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9244-5696
AD  - Cambridge Environmental Research Consultants Cambridge UK.
FAU - Carruthers, David
AU  - Carruthers D
AD  - Cambridge Environmental Research Consultants Cambridge UK.
FAU - Fung, Jimmy C H
AU  - Fung JCH
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7859-8511
AD  - Department of Mathematics The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong 
      Kong China.
AD  - Division of Environment and Sustainability The Hong Kong University of Science 
      and Technology Hong Kong China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20220311
PL  - United States
TA  - Geohealth
JT  - GeoHealth
JID - 101706476
PMC - PMC8914409
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - CMAQ-ADMS-urban
OT  - Greater Bay Area
OT  - air dispersion model
OT  - ozone
OT  - sensitivity analysis
OT  - street-scale
COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest relevant to this study.
EDAT- 2022/07/08 06:00
MHDA- 2022/07/08 06:01
PMCR- 2022/03/11
CRDT- 2022/07/07 02:35
PHST- 2021/08/16 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/01/11 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/02/07 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/07/07 02:35 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/07/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/07/08 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2022/03/11 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - GH2310 [pii]
AID - 10.1029/2021GH000506 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Geohealth. 2022 Mar 11;6(3):e2021GH000506. doi: 10.1029/2021GH000506. eCollection 
      2022 Mar.