PMID- 35799926 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220716 IS - 2046-2069 (Electronic) IS - 2046-2069 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 29 DP - 2022 Jun 22 TI - Exosome-based drug delivery systems and their therapeutic applications. PG - 18475-18492 LID - 10.1039/d2ra02351b [doi] AB - In the past few decades, scientists have actively worked on developing effective drug delivery systems (DDSs) as means to control life-threatening diseases and challenging illnesses. In order to develop such DDSs, nanobiotechnological strategies have been introduced, and many nanomaterial-based DDS platforms have been proposed. Among these nanomaterials, DDSs based on exosomes and hybrids of exosomes have been focused upon and developed due to their low toxicity, high bioactivity, and biocompatibility. In this review, we describe the processes involved in drug loading into exosomes and the surface modification of exosomes with treatment agents. Furthermore, we describe the synthesis methods of hybrid exosomes with organic or inorganic nanoparticles. Moreover, we focus on the effective therapeutic applications of exosome-based DDSs against various diseases. In conclusion, we show that exosomes and hybrids of exosomes show excellent drug carrier potential and capacity. CI - This journal is (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry. FAU - Lee, Jaewook AU - Lee J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7142-1724 AD - 4D Convergence Technology Institute (National Key Technology Institute in University), Korea National University of Transportation Jeungpyeong Chung-Buk 27909 Republic of Korea leeyk@ut.ac.kr +82-43-841-5224. FAU - Lee, Ji-Heon AU - Lee JH AD - 4D Convergence Technology Institute (National Key Technology Institute in University), Korea National University of Transportation Jeungpyeong Chung-Buk 27909 Republic of Korea leeyk@ut.ac.kr +82-43-841-5224. FAU - Chakraborty, Kushal AU - Chakraborty K AD - Department of IT and Energy Convergence (BK21 FOUR), Korea National University of Transportation Chungju Chung-Buk 27469 Republic of Korea. FAU - Hwang, Joon AU - Hwang J AD - 4D Convergence Technology Institute (National Key Technology Institute in University), Korea National University of Transportation Jeungpyeong Chung-Buk 27909 Republic of Korea leeyk@ut.ac.kr +82-43-841-5224. AD - Department of Aeronautical & Mechanical Design Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation Chungju Chung-Buk 27469 Republic of Korea. FAU - Lee, Yong-Kyu AU - Lee YK AD - 4D Convergence Technology Institute (National Key Technology Institute in University), Korea National University of Transportation Jeungpyeong Chung-Buk 27909 Republic of Korea leeyk@ut.ac.kr +82-43-841-5224. AD - Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation Chungju Chung-Buk 27469 Republic of Korea. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20220623 PL - England TA - RSC Adv JT - RSC advances JID - 101581657 PMC - PMC9218984 COIS- Authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2022/07/09 06:00 MHDA- 2022/07/09 06:01 PMCR- 2022/06/23 CRDT- 2022/07/08 02:39 PHST- 2022/04/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/06/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/07/08 02:39 [entrez] PHST- 2022/07/09 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/07/09 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/06/23 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - d2ra02351b [pii] AID - 10.1039/d2ra02351b [doi] PST - epublish SO - RSC Adv. 2022 Jun 23;12(29):18475-18492. doi: 10.1039/d2ra02351b. eCollection 2022 Jun 22.