PMID- 35806192 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220712 LR - 20220716 IS - 1422-0067 (Electronic) IS - 1422-0067 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 13 DP - 2022 Jun 28 TI - Neuroimmune Mechanisms Underlying Neuropathic Pain: The Potential Role of TNF-alpha-Necroptosis Pathway. LID - 10.3390/ijms23137191 [doi] LID - 7191 AB - The neuroimmune mechanism underlying neuropathic pain has been extensively studied. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), a key pro-inflammatory cytokine that drives cytokine storm and stimulates a cascade of other cytokines in pain-related pathways, induces and modulates neuropathic pain by facilitating peripheral (primary afferents) and central (spinal cord) sensitization. Functionally, TNF-alpha controls the balance between cell survival and death by inducing an inflammatory response and two programmed cell death mechanisms (apoptosis and necroptosis). Necroptosis, a novel form of programmed cell death, is receiving increasing attraction and may trigger neuroinflammation to promote neuropathic pain. Chronic pain is often accompanied by adverse pain-associated emotional reactions and cognitive disorders. Overproduction of TNF-alpha in supraspinal structures such as the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and hippocampus plays an important role in pain-associated emotional disorders and memory deficits and also participates in the modulation of pain transduction. At present, studies reporting on the role of the TNF-alpha-necroptosis pathway in pain-related disorders are lacking. This review indicates the important research prospects of this pathway in pain modulation based on its role in anxiety, depression and memory deficits associated with other neurodegenerative diseases. In addition, we have summarized studies related to the underlying mechanisms of neuropathic pain mediated by TNF-alpha and discussed the role of the TNF-alpha-necroptosis pathway in detail, which may represent an avenue for future therapeutic intervention. FAU - Duan, Yi-Wen AU - Duan YW AD - Pain Research Center and Department of Physiology, Zhongshan Medical School, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Road. 2, Guangzhou 510080, China. FAU - Chen, Shao-Xia AU - Chen SX AD - Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China. FAU - Li, Qiao-Yun AU - Li QY AD - Pain Research Center and Department of Physiology, Zhongshan Medical School, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Road. 2, Guangzhou 510080, China. FAU - Zang, Ying AU - Zang Y AD - Pain Research Center and Department of Physiology, Zhongshan Medical School, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Road. 2, Guangzhou 510080, China. LA - eng GR - 81870873/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - 81801111/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - 2022A1515012198/the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province of China/ PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20220628 PL - Switzerland TA - Int J Mol Sci JT - International journal of molecular sciences JID - 101092791 RN - 0 (Cytokines) RN - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha) SB - IM MH - Cytokines MH - Humans MH - Memory Disorders MH - Necroptosis MH - *Neuralgia/metabolism MH - Neuroimmunomodulation MH - *Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism PMC - PMC9266916 OTO - NOTNLM OT - necroptosis OT - neuroinflammation OT - neuropathic pain OT - tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/07/10 06:00 MHDA- 2022/07/14 06:00 PMCR- 2022/06/28 CRDT- 2022/07/09 01:11 PHST- 2022/05/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/06/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/06/27 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/07/09 01:11 [entrez] PHST- 2022/07/10 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/07/14 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/06/28 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ijms23137191 [pii] AID - ijms-23-07191 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijms23137191 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Jun 28;23(13):7191. doi: 10.3390/ijms23137191.