PMID- 35809185
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20230217
LR  - 20230217
IS  - 1559-0720 (Electronic)
IS  - 0163-4984 (Linking)
VI  - 201
IP  - 4
DP  - 2023 Apr
TI  - Exposure to Cadmium, Lead, Mercury, and Arsenic and Uric Acid Levels: Results 
      from NHANES 2007-2016.
PG  - 1659-1669
LID - 10.1007/s12011-022-03309-0 [doi]
AB  - Mechanisms underlying abnormal uric acid (UA) levels from exposure to toxic 
      metals/metalloids have not been not fully elucidated, especially in the context 
      of mixtures. The aim was to identify major toxic metals/metalloids that affected 
      UA levels with a mixture exposure concept in the association model. From 
      2007-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 4794 adults 
      were involved. Serum UA (SUA) and SUA to serum creatinine ratio (SUA/SCr) were 
      used to estimate the UA levels, and cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and 
      arsenic (As) in the blood and/or urine were evaluated in the study. We assessed 
      the associations between toxic metals and UA levels using linear regression and 
      Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR). The median [P(25), P(75)] SUA/SCr and 
      SUA level were 6.22 [5.27, 7.32] and 0.83 [0.72, 0.98], respectively. There was 
      no difference for SUA/SCr by gender (men, 6.25 [5.39, 7.29]; women, 6.17 [5.17, 
      7.36], P = 0.162), but men had higher SUA than women (men, 0.95 [0.85, 1.05]; 
      women, 0.72 [0.64, 0.82], P < 0.001). Blood Pb (beta(men) = 0.651 and 
      beta(women) = 1.014) and urinary Cd (beta(men) = 0.252 and beta(women) = 0.613) were 
      positively associated with SUA/SCr, and urinary Pb (beta(men) =  - 0.462 and 
      beta(women) =  - 0.838) was inversely associated with SUA/SCr in multivariate linear 
      regression analysis. However, urinary As (beta(men) = 0.351) was positively 
      associated with SUA/SCr only in men. BKMR showed that higher concentrations of 
      exposure to a mixture of toxic metals were positively associated with higher UA 
      levels, where Cd, Pb, and urinary As contributed most to the overall mixture 
      effect in men, while Pb and urinary Cd in women. Our study provided the first 
      evidence that mixtures of metals are associated with the UA levels. Increased 
      concentrations of metals, mainly blood Pb, urinary Cd, and As (only in men) may 
      increase the level of UA.
CI  - (c) 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business 
      Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
FAU - Gao, Wenhui
AU  - Gao W
AD  - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin 
      University, No.1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
FAU - Tong, Li
AU  - Tong L
AD  - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin 
      University, No.1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
FAU - Zhao, Saisai
AU  - Zhao S
AD  - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin 
      University, No.1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
FAU - Sun, Mengzi
AU  - Sun M
AD  - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin 
      University, No.1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
FAU - Fang, Jiaxin
AU  - Fang J
AD  - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin 
      University, No.1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
FAU - Xu, Yan
AU  - Xu Y
AD  - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin 
      University, No.1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
FAU - Ma, Yanan
AU  - Ma Y
AD  - Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China 
      Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, 
      Liaoning Province, China. ynma@cmu.edu.cn.
FAU - Jin, Lina
AU  - Jin L
AD  - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin 
      University, No.1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China. 
      jinln@jlu.edu.cn.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20220709
PL  - United States
TA  - Biol Trace Elem Res
JT  - Biological trace element research
JID - 7911509
RN  - 00BH33GNGH (Cadmium)
RN  - N712M78A8G (Arsenic)
RN  - FXS1BY2PGL (Mercury)
RN  - 2P299V784P (Lead)
RN  - 268B43MJ25 (Uric Acid)
RN  - 0 (Metalloids)
SB  - IM
MH  - Male
MH  - Adult
MH  - Humans
MH  - Female
MH  - Cadmium
MH  - *Arsenic
MH  - *Mercury
MH  - Nutrition Surveys
MH  - Lead
MH  - Uric Acid
MH  - Bayes Theorem
MH  - *Metalloids
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR)
OT  - Joint effects
OT  - Mixtures
OT  - Toxic metals/metalloids
OT  - Uric acid
EDAT- 2022/07/10 06:00
MHDA- 2023/02/18 06:00
CRDT- 2022/07/09 11:17
PHST- 2022/04/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/05/30 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/07/10 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/02/18 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/07/09 11:17 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/s12011-022-03309-0 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s12011-022-03309-0 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Biol Trace Elem Res. 2023 Apr;201(4):1659-1669. doi: 10.1007/s12011-022-03309-0. 
      Epub 2022 Jul 9.