PMID- 35810964 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220817 LR - 20220817 IS - 1095-9947 (Electronic) IS - 1050-4648 (Linking) VI - 127 DP - 2022 Aug TI - Molecular identification and functional exploration of interleukin-20 in snakehead (Channa argus) involved in bacterial invasion and the proliferation of head kidney leukocytes. PG - 623-632 LID - S1050-4648(22)00394-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.07.005 [doi] AB - As an inflammatory cytokine of the interleukin-20 (IL-20) subfamily, IL-20 has various functions in immune defenses, inflammatory diseases, tissue regeneration, cancer, and metabolism. Although the characteristics and functions of mammalian IL-20 have been clarified, those of fish IL-20 remain unclear. In this study, the IL-20 gene from the snakehead Channa argus (shIL-20) was cloned and functionally characterized. Similar to the IL-20 homologues of other species, the shIL-20 has a five exon/four intron structure in the coding region. The open reading frame of shIL-20 consists of 528 base pairs and encodes 175 amino acids (aa), including a signal peptide (aa 1-24) and a mature peptide (aa 25-175). The mature shIL-20 protein has six conserved cysteine residues, which occur in the IL-20 proteins of all species analyzed, and an additional cysteine residue (Cys-82) found only in the IL-20 proteins of several teleosts. The modeled tertiary structure of shIL-20 is similar with that of Homo sapiens IL-20. The shIL-20 was expressed constitutively in all the tissues analyzed, and its transcription was induced in the spleen and head kidney by Aeromonas schubertii and Nocardia seriolae in vivo and in head kidney leukocytes (HKLs) by lipoteichoic acid, lipopolysaccharide, and polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid in vitro. The recombinant shIL-20 protein induced the transcription of tumor necrosis factor alpha1 (TNF-alpha1), TNF-alpha2, IL-1beta, and endogenous shIL-20, and promoted the proliferation of HKLs. In conclusion, these findings demonstrate that shIL-20 participates in the immune response to bacterial invasion and promotes leukocyte proliferation, offering new insights into the functions of fish IL-20 during pathogen invasion. CI - Copyright (c) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Cui, Zhengwei AU - Cui Z AD - Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China. FAU - Zhu, Xueqing AU - Zhu X AD - Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China. FAU - Zhao, Fei AU - Zhao F AD - Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China. Electronic address: zhaofei@prfri.ac.cn. FAU - Li, Dongqi AU - Li D AD - Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China. FAU - Deng, Yuting AU - Deng Y AD - Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China. FAU - Tan, Aiping AU - Tan A AD - Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China. FAU - Lai, Yingtiao AU - Lai Y AD - Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China. FAU - Huang, Zhibin AU - Huang Z AD - Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China. FAU - Gong, Hua AU - Gong H AD - Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220707 PL - England TA - Fish Shellfish Immunol JT - Fish & shellfish immunology JID - 9505220 RN - 0 (Fish Proteins) RN - 0 (Interleukins) RN - K848JZ4886 (Cysteine) RN - U91R7IMG8U (interleukin 20) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Bacteria/metabolism MH - Cell Proliferation MH - *Cysteine MH - *Fish Diseases MH - Fish Proteins/chemistry MH - Fishes/genetics MH - Head Kidney/metabolism MH - Interleukins MH - Leukocytes/metabolism MH - Mammals/metabolism MH - Phylogeny OTO - NOTNLM OT - Aeromonas schubertii OT - Bacterial invasion OT - Channa argus OT - Interleukin-20 OT - Nocardia seriolae EDAT- 2022/07/11 06:00 MHDA- 2022/08/18 06:00 CRDT- 2022/07/10 19:26 PHST- 2022/03/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/07/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/07/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/07/11 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/08/18 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/07/10 19:26 [entrez] AID - S1050-4648(22)00394-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.07.005 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2022 Aug;127:623-632. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.07.005. Epub 2022 Jul 7.