PMID- 35816833
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220815
LR  - 20220815
IS  - 1873-1716 (Electronic)
IS  - 0167-5877 (Linking)
VI  - 206
DP  - 2022 Sep
TI  - Effect of pooling family oral fluids on the probability of PRRSV RNA detection by 
      RT-rtPCR.
PG  - 105701
LID - S0167-5877(22)00134-9 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2022.105701 [doi]
AB  - Family oral fluids (FOFs) are an aggregate sample type shown to be a 
      cost-efficient and convenient option for determining the porcine reproductive and 
      respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) status of weaning age pigs. This study 
      investigates the effect of pooling PRRSV-positive FOF samples with PRRSV-negative 
      FOF samples at different levels (1/3, 1/5, 1/10, 1/20) on the probability of 
      PRRSV RNA detection by reverse-transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction 
      (RT-rtPCR). Mathematical models were built to assess how much the probability of 
      RT-rtPCR PRRSV detection changed with increasing proportion of PRRSV-positive 
      samples present within pools and how partially sampling a farrowing room 
      influenced the probability of RT-rtPCR detection of PRRSV RNA in pooled samples 
      at different prevalence scenarios. A general example of a guideline for FOF-based 
      sampling under different prevalence scenarios to detect PRRSV RNA by RT-rtPCR 
      with at least 95 % certainty is presented. At the sample level, the probability 
      of detecting PRRSV RNA by RT-rtPCR decreased from 100 % to 87 %, 68 %, and 26 % 
      when diluting up to 1/20 for PRRSV positive FOF having an initial Cycle threshold 
      (Ct) below 34, between 34 and 36, or above 36, respectively. When PRRSV 
      prevalence is near-zero (1 or 2 litters positive out of 56), the most 
      cost-efficient farrowing room sampling strategy to detect PRRSV RNA with at least 
      95 % certainty was pooling FOF samples up to 1/10; at higher prevalence (>/= 3 of 
      56 litters positive), the most cost-efficient strategy was submitting samples in 
      pools of 20. Subsampling a farrowing room for FOF pools was also demonstrated to 
      be a valuable cost-saving strategy. Overall, based on the conditions of this 
      study, pooling FOFs up to 1/20 is a valid option in situations of cost constraint 
      and regardless of pooling level chosen, capturing as many litters as possible 
      improves the probability of PRRSV detection.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Osemeke, Onyekachukwu H
AU  - Osemeke OH
AD  - Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary 
      Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
FAU - de Freitas Costa, Eduardo
AU  - de Freitas Costa E
AD  - Department of Epidemiology, Bioinformatics and Animal Models, Wageningen 
      Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, the Netherlands.
FAU - Almeida, Marcelo N
AU  - Almeida MN
AD  - Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary 
      Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
FAU - Trevisan, Giovani
AU  - Trevisan G
AD  - Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary 
      Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
FAU - Ghosh, Arka P
AU  - Ghosh AP
AD  - Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
FAU - Silva, Gustavo S
AU  - Silva GS
AD  - Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary 
      Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
FAU - Linhares, Daniel C L
AU  - Linhares DCL
AD  - Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary 
      Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA. Electronic address: 
      linhares@iastate.edu.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20220703
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Prev Vet Med
JT  - Preventive veterinary medicine
JID - 8217463
RN  - 0 (Antibodies, Viral)
RN  - 63231-63-0 (RNA)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Antibodies, Viral/analysis
MH  - *Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome/diagnosis/epidemiology
MH  - *Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus/genetics
MH  - Probability
MH  - RNA
MH  - Saliva/chemistry
MH  - Swine
MH  - *Swine Diseases
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Family oral fluid (FOF)
OT  - Monitoring
OT  - PRRSV
OT  - Pooling
OT  - Swine
EDAT- 2022/07/12 06:00
MHDA- 2022/08/16 06:00
CRDT- 2022/07/11 18:17
PHST- 2021/10/19 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/06/18 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/06/26 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/07/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/08/16 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/07/11 18:17 [entrez]
AID - S0167-5877(22)00134-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2022.105701 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Prev Vet Med. 2022 Sep;206:105701. doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2022.105701. Epub 
      2022 Jul 3.