PMID- 35817746
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220713
LR  - 20221121
IS  - 2224-5839 (Electronic)
IS  - 2224-5820 (Linking)
VI  - 11
IP  - 6
DP  - 2022 Jun
TI  - Patterns of lung fibrosis in patients with interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune 
      features and connective tissue diseases-associated interstitial lung disease-a 
      narrative review.
PG  - 2110-2130
LID - 10.21037/apm-21-3974 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features (IPAF) 
      was defined in 2015 as a research statement of European Respiratory Society and 
      American Thoracic Society. Connective tissue diseases (CTDs) manifest in the 
      respiratory tract, the main manifestation being interstitial lung disease, which 
      contributes to morbidity and mortality. This poses numerous clinical challenges 
      and is a substantial burden on healthcare systems around the world. The objective 
      of this narrative review was to provide readers with a comprehensive and 
      extensive overview of such manifestations in the respiratory system, analysis of 
      prevalence of specific manifestations in the lung and to characterize population 
      of patients with IPAF. METHODS: We reviewed the current state of knowledge on 
      radiological findings in interstitial lung diseases in course of convective 
      tissue diseases and IPAF, a narrative review of PubMed database using Advanced 
      Search Builder was performed. The search was conducted from 15.07.2021 to 
      03.04.2022. A total of 655 articles in English were reviewed. KEY CONTENT AND 
      FINDINGS: Similarities and differences between interstitial pneumonia in course 
      of well-established CTDs and IPAF are discussed with special emphasis on required 
      future research areas. Manifestations of CTDs in the respiratory system are 
      overviewed, with the emphasis on interstitial lung disease, as despite clinical 
      similarities of various connective tissue diseases, there is variability in their 
      presentation in the respiratory system, radiological patterns and clinical 
      outcomes. We would also like to draw readers' attention to clinical significance 
      of interstitial lung abnormality both in the context of CTDs and lack of 
      underlying autoimmune disorders. CONCLUSIONS: There is need for prospective 
      cohort studies regarding the natural course of IPAF, its clinical stability and 
      its manifestations in the respiratory system. Prospective studies are also 
      required to evaluate diagnostic and prognostic factors of IPAF. Interstitial lung 
      disease associated with CTDs (CTD-ILD) is a significant factor impacting clinical 
      outcomes and patient prognosis, therefore its diagnostic work-up is best 
      performed by an experienced multidisciplinary team and with use of procedures of 
      high diagnostic yield.
FAU - Rzepka-Wrona, Patrycja
AU  - Rzepka-Wrona P
AD  - Department of Pneumonology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of 
      Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland.
FAU - Miadlikowska, Ewa
AU  - Miadlikowska E
AD  - Department of Pneumology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
FAU - Skoczynski, Szymon
AU  - Skoczynski S
AD  - Department of Pneumonology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of 
      Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland.
FAU - Barczyk, Adam
AU  - Barczyk A
AD  - Department of Pneumonology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of 
      Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland.
FAU - Piotrowski, Wojciech
AU  - Piotrowski W
AD  - Department of Pneumology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - China
TA  - Ann Palliat Med
JT  - Annals of palliative medicine
JID - 101585484
SB  - IM
EIN - Ann Palliat Med. 2022 Dec;11(12):3846-3847. PMID: 36408563
MH  - *Autoimmune Diseases/complications/diagnosis
MH  - *Connective Tissue Diseases/complications/diagnosis
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Lung Diseases, Interstitial/complications/diagnostic imaging
MH  - Prospective Studies
MH  - *Pulmonary Fibrosis/complications
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Interstitial pneumonia
OT  - autoimmunity
OT  - connective tissue disease (CTD)
EDAT- 2022/07/12 06:00
MHDA- 2022/07/14 06:00
CRDT- 2022/07/11 22:22
PHST- 2021/12/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/05/07 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/07/11 22:22 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/07/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/07/14 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.21037/apm-21-3974 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Ann Palliat Med. 2022 Jun;11(6):2110-2130. doi: 10.21037/apm-21-3974.