PMID- 35822126 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20221221 IS - 0360-1323 (Print) IS - 1873-684X (Electronic) IS - 0360-1323 (Linking) VI - 222 DP - 2022 Aug 15 TI - Ventilation impacts on infection risk mitigation, improvement of environmental quality and energy efficiency for subway carriages. PG - 109358 LID - 10.1016/j.buildenv.2022.109358 [doi] AB - Subway carriages are enclosed for extended periods of time, with a high density of passengers. Providing a safe, healthy, and comfortable cabin environment is a great challenge, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. An increase in ventilation rate can potentially reduce infection probability, which may result in worsening environmental quality (e.g., thermal comfort) and larger energy consumption. Thus, exploring the trade-off among infection risk, environmental quality (with regard to ventilation, thermal comfort, and air quality), and energy consumption is important to optimize ventilation systems for carriages. The effect of different supply air parameters (e.g., velocity and temperature) and ventilation modes of mixing ventilation (MV) & Supply air from the Floor and Return air from the Ceiling (SFRC) was studied. The questionnaires were analyzed to explore passenger dissatisfaction with the carriage environment using a MV system. Simulations were performed to predict the velocity, temperature, and CO(2) concentration fields. In addition, the comprehensive benefit was evaluated by analytic hierarchy process (AHP), based on infection probability from the revisited Wells-Riley equation, Air Diffusion Performance Index (ADPI), Predicted Mean Vote (PMV), Pollutant Removal Effectiveness (PRE) and energy consumption estimated by cooling load (L(cool)). Compared with MV, the optimized SFRC provided softer draft sensation and decreased CO(2) concentration by 42%. The SFRC achieved better comprehensive benefits, with an infection risk reduced to 0.4%, ADPI of 80%, PMV approaching zero, PRE up to 16, and energy efficiency increased by 30%. This work contributes to the optimal design of subway carriage ventilation systems in the post-epidemic era. CI - (c) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Ren, Chen AU - Ren C AD - School of Architecture, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou, Nanjing, 210096, China. FAU - Chen, Haofu AU - Chen H AD - Tianjin Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China. FAU - Wang, Junqi AU - Wang J AD - School of Architecture, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou, Nanjing, 210096, China. FAU - Feng, Zhuangbo AU - Feng Z AD - School of Architecture, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou, Nanjing, 210096, China. FAU - Cao, Shi-Jie AU - Cao SJ AD - School of Architecture, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou, Nanjing, 210096, China. AD - Global Centre for Clean Air Research, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220708 PL - England TA - Build Environ JT - Building and environment JID - 101562928 PMC - PMC9263602 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Air quality OT - Energy efficiency OT - Infection risk OT - Subway carriage OT - Thermal comfort OT - Ventilation COIS- The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2022/07/14 06:00 MHDA- 2022/07/14 06:01 PMCR- 2022/07/08 CRDT- 2022/07/13 02:14 PHST- 2022/04/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/06/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/06/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/07/14 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/07/14 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/07/13 02:14 [entrez] PHST- 2022/07/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0360-1323(22)00591-1 [pii] AID - 109358 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.buildenv.2022.109358 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Build Environ. 2022 Aug 15;222:109358. doi: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2022.109358. Epub 2022 Jul 8.