PMID- 35831028
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220715
LR  - 20240221
IS  - 2052-4897 (Electronic)
IS  - 2052-4897 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 4
DP  - 2022 Jul
TI  - Physical behaviors and their association with type 2 diabetes mellitus risk 
      markers in urban South African middle-aged adults: an isotemporal 
      substitutionapproach.
LID - 10.1136/bmjdrc-2022-002815 [doi]
LID - e002815
AB  - INTRODUCTION: To examine the associations between physical behaviors and type 2 
      diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk markers in middle-aged South African men and women. 
      RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study included middle-aged men 
      (n=403; age: median (IQR), 53.0 (47.8-58.8) years) and women (n=324; 53.4 
      (49.1-58.1) years) from Soweto, South Africa. Total movement volume (average 
      movement in milli-g) and time (minutes/day) spent in different physical 
      behaviors, including awake sitting/lying, standing, light intensity physical 
      activity (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA), were 
      determined by combining the signals from two triaxial accelerometers worn 
      simultaneously on the hip and thigh. All participants completed an oral glucose 
      tolerance test, from which indicators of diabetes risk were derived. Associations 
      between physical behaviors and T2DM risk were adjusted for sociodemographic 
      factors and body composition. RESULTS: Total movement volume was inversely 
      associated with measures of fasting and 2-hour glucose and directly associated 
      with insulin sensitivity, basal insulin clearance, and beta-cell function, but 
      these associations were not independent of fat mass, except for basal insulin 
      clearance in women. In men, replacing 30 min of sitting/lying, standing or LPA 
      with the same amount of MVPA time was associated with 1.2-1.4 mmol/L lower 
      fasting glucose and 12.3-13.4 mgl(2)/mUmin higher insulin sensitivity. In women, 
      substituting sitting/lying with the same amount of standing time or LPA was 
      associated with 0.5-0.8 mmol/L lower fasting glucose. Substituting 30 min 
      sitting/lying with the same amount of standing time was also associated with 
      3.2 mgl(2)/mUmin higher insulin sensitivity, and substituting 30 min of 
      sitting/lying, standing or LPA with the same amount of MVPA time was associated 
      with 0.25-0.29 ng/mIU higher basal insulin clearance in women. CONCLUSION: MVPA 
      is important in reducing T2DM risk in men and women, but LPA appears to be 
      important in women only. Longitudinal and intervention studies warranted to 
      provide more specific PA recommendations.
CI  - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published 
      by BMJ.
FAU - Kufe, Clement N
AU  - Kufe CN
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6599-7284
AD  - Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences University of the 
      Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa klekufe@gmail.com.
AD  - Epidemiology and Surveillance Section, National Institute for Occupational Health 
      (NIOH), National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS), Johannesburg, Gauteng, South 
      Africa.
FAU - Goedecke, Julia H
AU  - Goedecke JH
AD  - Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences University of the 
      Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa.
AD  - Non-communicable Disease Unit (NCDU), South African Medical Research Council 
      (SAMRC), Tygerberg, South Africa.
FAU - Masemola, Maphoko
AU  - Masemola M
AD  - Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences University of the 
      Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa.
FAU - Chikowore, Tinashe
AU  - Chikowore T
AD  - Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences University of the 
      Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa.
FAU - Soboyisi, Melikhaya
AU  - Soboyisi M
AD  - Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences University of the 
      Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa.
FAU - Smith, Antonia
AU  - Smith A
AD  - MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
FAU - Westgate, Kate
AU  - Westgate K
AD  - MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
FAU - Brage, Soren
AU  - Brage S
AD  - MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
FAU - Micklesfield, Lisa K
AU  - Micklesfield LK
AD  - Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences University of the 
      Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa.
LA  - eng
GR  - WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom
GR  - MC_PC_16099/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom
GR  - MC_UU_00006/4/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom
GR  - MC_UU_12015/3/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - England
TA  - BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care
JT  - BMJ open diabetes research & care
JID - 101641391
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - 0 (Insulins)
RN  - IY9XDZ35W2 (Glucose)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Biomarkers
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology
MH  - Female
MH  - Glucose
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Insulin Resistance/physiology
MH  - *Insulins
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Sedentary Behavior
MH  - South Africa/epidemiology
PMC - PMC9280902
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
OT  - Insulin Resistance
OT  - Insulin Secretion
OT  - Obesity
COIS- Competing interests: None declared.
EDAT- 2022/07/14 06:00
MHDA- 2022/07/16 06:00
PMCR- 2022/07/13
CRDT- 2022/07/13 20:53
PHST- 2022/02/07 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/06/21 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/07/13 20:53 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/07/14 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/07/16 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/07/13 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10/4/e002815 [pii]
AID - bmjdrc-2022-002815 [pii]
AID - 10.1136/bmjdrc-2022-002815 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care. 2022 Jul;10(4):e002815. doi: 
      10.1136/bmjdrc-2022-002815.