PMID- 35837371 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20220716 IS - 1927-1220 (Electronic) IS - 1927-1212 (Print) IS - 1927-1212 (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 3 DP - 2022 Jun TI - Hematological, Biochemical Properties, and Clinical Correlates of Hemoglobin S Variant Disorder: A New Insight Into Sickle Cell Trait. PG - 92-108 LID - 10.14740/jh977 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The sickle cell trait (SCT) disorder possesses a clinical heterogeneity ranging from a symptomless condition to sudden death. This study aimed to develop a diagnostic approach that helps the characterization and identification of SCT from normal subjects and sickle cell disease (SCD) patients, and to assess its severity. METHODS: Sixty controls, 24 SCD patients and 31 SCT subjects were assessed clinically, radiologically and by laboratory investigations. RESULTS: Of the SCT subjects, 12.8% were symptomatic (3.2% anemic, 6.4% hemolytic crisis, and 3.2% painful crises). Anemia was normocytic in 66.6%, and normochromic and polychromatic in 33.4%. Significantly lower red blood cells (RBCs), hemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), hematocrit (Hct), Shine and Lal index (SL), and hemoglobin A (Hb A), and higher mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), red cell distribution width (RDW), Ricerca index (RI), and Huber-Herklotz index (HH) were found in SCT subjects compared with the controls. Hb A and hemoglobin S (Hb S) were excellent in discriminating SCT from SCD (cut-off for SCT > 50% and < 40%) followed by Hct, MCHC, Hb, Green and King index (GK), and England and Fraser index (EF) (cut-off for SCT > 33%, > 32, > 11, < 71, and < 10, respectively). Radiologically normal findings were detected in 87% of SCT subjects; they had nearly normal liver and renal function tests (except one case each). A schematic diagnostic paradigm for SCT was proposed. CONCLUSION: This study allowed understanding of SCT in various aspects, i.e., clinical, hematological, biochemical and radiological. Thus, it could help prevention of the Hb S variant disorder and proper management of carriers. This might be applied in pre-marital screening, particularly in those with family history of Hb S disorder. CI - Copyright 2022, Khaled et al. FAU - Khaled, Safaa A A AU - Khaled SAA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2239-7219 AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Hematology Unit, Assiut University Hospital/Unit of Bone Marrow Transplantation, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt. FAU - Ahmed, Heba A AU - Ahmed HA AD - Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt. FAU - Elbadry, Mahmoud I AU - Elbadry MI AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University Hospital, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt. FAU - NasrEldin, Eman AU - NasrEldin E AD - Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt. FAU - Hassany, Sahar M AU - Hassany SM AD - Department of Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt. FAU - Ahmed, Shimaa A AU - Ahmed SA AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Hematology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Egypt. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220627 PL - Canada TA - J Hematol JT - Journal of hematology JID - 101635099 PMC - PMC9275442 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Clinical correlates OT - Hemoglobin S OT - Identification OT - Insight OT - Sickle cell trait COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/07/16 06:00 MHDA- 2022/07/16 06:01 PMCR- 2022/06/27 CRDT- 2022/07/15 02:40 PHST- 2022/01/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/04/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/07/15 02:40 [entrez] PHST- 2022/07/16 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/07/16 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2022/06/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.14740/jh977 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Hematol. 2022 Jun;11(3):92-108. doi: 10.14740/jh977. Epub 2022 Jun 27.