PMID- 35862337
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20221206
LR  - 20231203
IS  - 1558-254X (Electronic)
IS  - 0278-0062 (Print)
IS  - 0278-0062 (Linking)
VI  - 41
IP  - 12
DP  - 2022 Dec
TI  - Venc Design and Velocity Estimation for Phase Contrast MRI.
PG  - 3712-3724
LID - 10.1109/TMI.2022.3193132 [doi]
AB  - In phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC-MRI), spin velocity contributes 
      to the phase measured at each voxel. Therefore, estimating velocity from 
      potentially wrapped phase measurements is the task of solving a system of noisy 
      congruence equations. We propose Phase Recovery from Multiple Wrapped 
      Measurements (PRoM) as a fast, approximate maximum likelihood estimator of 
      velocity from multi-coil data with possible amplitude attenuation due to 
      dephasing. The estimator can recover the fullest possible extent of unambiguous 
      velocities, which can greatly exceed twice the highest venc. The estimator uses 
      all pairwise phase differences and the inherent correlations among them to 
      minimize the estimation error. Correlations are directly estimated from 
      multi-coil data without requiring knowledge of coil sensitivity maps, dephasing 
      factors, or the actual per-voxel signal-to-noise ratio. Derivation of the 
      estimator yields explicit probabilities of unwrapping errors and the probability 
      distribution for the velocity estimate; this, in turn, allows for optimized 
      design of the phase-encoded acquisition. These probabilities are also 
      incorporated into spatial post-processing to further mitigate wrapping errors. 
      Simulation, phantom, and in vivo results for three-point PC-MRI acquisitions 
      validate the benefits of reduced estimation error, increased recovered velocity 
      range, optimized acquisition, and fast computation. A phantom study at 1.5T 
      demonstrates 48.5% decrease in root mean squared error using PRoM with 
      post-processing versus a conventional "dual-venc" technique. Simulation and 3T in 
      vivo results likewise demonstrate the proposed benefits.
FAU - Zhao, Shen
AU  - Zhao S
FAU - Ahmad, Rizwan
AU  - Ahmad R
FAU - Potter, Lee C
AU  - Potter LC
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 HL135489/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 HL151697/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
DEP - 20221202
PL  - United States
TA  - IEEE Trans Med Imaging
JT  - IEEE transactions on medical imaging
JID - 8310780
SB  - IM
MH  - *Algorithms
MH  - Blood Flow Velocity
MH  - *Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods
MH  - Phantoms, Imaging
MH  - Signal-To-Noise Ratio
MH  - Reproducibility of Results
PMC - PMC9837712
MID - NIHMS1854925
EDAT- 2022/07/22 06:00
MHDA- 2022/12/07 06:00
PMCR- 2023/12/02
CRDT- 2022/07/21 13:34
PHST- 2022/07/22 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/12/07 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/07/21 13:34 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/12/02 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1109/TMI.2022.3193132 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - IEEE Trans Med Imaging. 2022 Dec;41(12):3712-3724. doi: 10.1109/TMI.2022.3193132. 
      Epub 2022 Dec 2.