PMID- 35883303
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20230308
IS  - 2076-2615 (Print)
IS  - 2076-2615 (Electronic)
IS  - 2076-2615 (Linking)
VI  - 12
IP  - 14
DP  - 2022 Jul 8
TI  - Impacts of Reducing Protein Content in Milk Replacer on Growth Performance and 
      Health of Young Calves.
LID - 10.3390/ani12141756 [doi]
LID - 1756
AB  - In the present study, a drinking amount of 10 L of milk replacer (MR) was allowed 
      to dairy calves in order to approach the natural drinking behavior. The question 
      is: how much protein is required by calves in order to achieve an intended growth 
      rate? For this reason, sixty-eight pre-weaned Holstein calves were divided into 
      two groups and fed with 10 L/d of MR containing either 22% protein (MR22) or 19% 
      protein (MR19) at an almost comparable energy intake. Effects on performance, 
      metabolic status, and health were compared. Feed intake, growth performance, and 
      health status were monitored during the pre-transition, transition, and 
      postweaning phase (until 157 d of age). Total feed intake, and intake of MR, body 
      weight (BW), and average daily gain (ADG) were not significantly different 
      between MR22 and MR19 during the entire experimental period (p > 0.05). At d 42, 
      calves in MR19 group showed greater serum levels of growth hormone (16.2 vs. 22.2 
      ng/mL; p = 0.02), insulin-like growth factor 1 (262 vs. 291 ng/mL; p = 0.03), and 
      urea (2.86 vs. 3.04 mmol/L; p < 0.01). The results of the present study suggested 
      that when high amounts of MR are provided, the protein content in MR can be 
      reduced to 19% without any adverse effects on growth performance as well as on 
      health status of dairy calves.
FAU - Schubert, Dana Carina
AU  - Schubert DC
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6219-9869
AD  - Institute for Animal Nutrition, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 
      Foundation, Bischofsholer Damm 15, D-30173 Hannover, Germany.
FAU - Chuppava, Bussarakam
AU  - Chuppava B
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2144-4930
AD  - Institute for Animal Nutrition, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 
      Foundation, Bischofsholer Damm 15, D-30173 Hannover, Germany.
FAU - Hoffmans, Sandra
AU  - Hoffmans S
AD  - Institute for Animal Nutrition, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 
      Foundation, Bischofsholer Damm 15, D-30173 Hannover, Germany.
FAU - Pries, Martin
AU  - Pries M
AD  - Landwirtschaftskammer Nordrhein-Westfalen, Versuchs- und Bildungszentrum 
      Landwirtschaft, Haus Riswick, D-47533 Kleve, Germany.
FAU - Visscher, Christian
AU  - Visscher C
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1497-5709
AD  - Institute for Animal Nutrition, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 
      Foundation, Bischofsholer Damm 15, D-30173 Hannover, Germany.
FAU - Kamphues, Josef
AU  - Kamphues J
AD  - Institute for Animal Nutrition, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 
      Foundation, Bischofsholer Damm 15, D-30173 Hannover, Germany.
FAU - Abd El-Wahab, Amr
AU  - Abd El-Wahab A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2947-6737
AD  - Institute for Animal Nutrition, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 
      Foundation, Bischofsholer Damm 15, D-30173 Hannover, Germany.
AD  - Department of Nutrition and Nutritional Deficiency Diseases, Faculty of 
      Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
LA  - eng
GR  - LE 824/10-1/Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20220708
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Animals (Basel)
JT  - Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
JID - 101635614
PMC - PMC9312336
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - calf nutrition
OT  - health
OT  - milk replacer
OT  - protein reduction
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2022/07/28 06:00
MHDA- 2022/07/28 06:01
PMCR- 2022/07/08
CRDT- 2022/07/27 01:05
PHST- 2022/05/10 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/07/01 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/07/06 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/07/27 01:05 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/07/28 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/07/28 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2022/07/08 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - ani12141756 [pii]
AID - animals-12-01756 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/ani12141756 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Animals (Basel). 2022 Jul 8;12(14):1756. doi: 10.3390/ani12141756.