PMID- 35898377
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20220729
IS  - 2168-8184 (Print)
IS  - 2168-8184 (Electronic)
IS  - 2168-8184 (Linking)
VI  - 14
IP  - 6
DP  - 2022 Jun
TI  - The Role of Type 2 Diabetes in Pancreatic Cancer.
PG  - e26288
LID - 10.7759/cureus.26288 [doi]
LID - e26288
AB  - The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its potential complications, 
      such as cancers, are increasing worldwide at an astounding rate. There are many 
      factors such as obesity, diabetes, alcohol consumption, and the adoption of 
      sedentary lifestyles that are driving pancreatic cancer (PC) to become one of the 
      leading causes of cancer mortality in the United States. PC is notorious for its 
      generic symptoms and late-stage presentation with rapid metastasis. The 
      connection between T2DM and the risk of PC development is multifaceted and 
      complex. Some of the proposed theories reveal that chronic inflammation, insulin 
      resistance, hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, and abnormalities in the insulin and 
      insulin-like growth factor axis (IGF) contribute to the disease association 
      between these two conditions. This literature review aims to highlight relevant 
      studies and explore the molecular mechanisms involved in the etiology of 
      diabetes and its impact on PC development, as well as the role of anti-diabetic 
      agents on PC. Despite extensive studies, the exact interaction between T2DM and 
      PC remains obscure and will need further investigation. According to current 
      knowledge, there is a substantial link between diabetes, obesity, and dietary 
      patterns in the development and progression of PC. Consequently, focusing our 
      efforts on preventive measures by reducing modifiable risk factors remains the 
      most effective strategy to reduce the risk of PC at this time. Antidiabetic drugs 
      can have various effects on the occurrence and prognosis of PC with metformin 
      offering a clear benefit of inhibiting PC and insulin increasing the risk of PC. 
      The development of future novel therapies will require a deeper knowledge of the 
      triggering mechanisms and interplay between these two disease states.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2022, George et al.
FAU - George, Sheeba
AU  - George S
AD  - Research, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, 
      Fairfield, USA.
FAU - Jean-Baptiste, Wilford
AU  - Jean-Baptiste W
AD  - Research, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, 
      Fairfield, USA.
FAU - Yusuf Ali, Amina
AU  - Yusuf Ali A
AD  - Pediatrics, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, 
      Fairfield, USA.
FAU - Inyang, Bithaiah
AU  - Inyang B
AD  - Research, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, 
      Fairfield, USA.
FAU - Koshy, Feeba Sam
AU  - Koshy FS
AD  - Research, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, 
      Fairfield, USA.
FAU - George, Kitty
AU  - George K
AD  - Research, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, 
      Fairfield, USA.
FAU - Poudel, Prakar
AU  - Poudel P
AD  - Internal Medicine, Chitwan Medical College of Medical Science, Chitwan, NPL.
AD  - Research, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, 
      Fairfield, USA.
FAU - Chalasani, Roopa
AU  - Chalasani R
AD  - Research, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, 
      Fairfield, USA.
FAU - Goonathilake, Mastiyage R
AU  - Goonathilake MR
AD  - Pediatrics/Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & 
      Psychology, Fairfield, USA.
FAU - Waqar, Sara
AU  - Waqar S
AD  - Research, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, 
      Fairfield, USA.
FAU - Mohammed, Lubna
AU  - Mohammed L
AD  - Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, 
      Fairfield, USA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20220624
PL  - United States
TA  - Cureus
JT  - Cureus
JID - 101596737
PMC - PMC9308974
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - antidiabetic agents
OT  - diabetes mellitus type 2
OT  - pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
OT  - pancreatic neoplasm
OT  - type 2 diabetes
COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2022/07/29 06:00
MHDA- 2022/07/29 06:01
PMCR- 2022/06/24
CRDT- 2022/07/28 02:06
PHST- 2022/05/21 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/06/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/07/28 02:06 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/07/29 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/07/29 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2022/06/24 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.7759/cureus.26288 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Cureus. 2022 Jun 24;14(6):e26288. doi: 10.7759/cureus.26288. eCollection 2022 
      Jun.