PMID- 35931912
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220825
LR  - 20220825
IS  - 2162-4968 (Electronic)
IS  - 2162-4968 (Linking)
VI  - 11
IP  - 3
DP  - 2022 Sep
TI  - Highlighting the Role of Obesity and Insulin Resistance in Type 1 Diabetes and 
      Its Associated Cardiometabolic Complications.
PG  - 180-202
LID - 10.1007/s13679-022-00477-x [doi]
AB  - PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This narrative review appraises research data on the 
      potentially harmful effect of obesity and insulin resistance (IR) co-existence 
      with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM)-related cardiovascular (CVD) complications 
      and evaluates possible therapeutic options. RECENT FINDINGS: Obesity and IR have 
      increasingly been emerging in patients with T1DM. Genetic, epigenetic 
      factors, and subcutaneous insulin administration are implicated in the 
      pathogenesis of this coexistence. Accumulating evidence implies that the 
      concomitant presence of obesity and IR is an independent predictor of worse CVD 
      outcomes. The prevalence of obesity and IR has increased in patients with T1DM. 
      This increase can be partly attributed to general population trends but, 
      additionally, to iatrogenic weight gain caused by insulin treatment. This 
      association might be the missing link explaining the excess CVD burden observed 
      in patients with T1DM despite optimal glycemic control. Data on newer agents for 
      type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treatment are unraveling novel ways to challenge 
      this aggravating coexistence.
CI  - (c) 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business 
      Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
FAU - Karamanakos, Georgios
AU  - Karamanakos G
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8870-6475
AD  - First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National 
      Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 17 Agiou Thoma Street, 
      Athens, 11527, Greece. gkaramanakos@windowslive.com.
FAU - Kokkinos, Alexander
AU  - Kokkinos A
AD  - First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National 
      Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 17 Agiou Thoma Street, 
      Athens, 11527, Greece.
FAU - Dalamaga, Maria
AU  - Dalamaga M
AD  - Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian 
      University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
FAU - Liatis, Stavros
AU  - Liatis S
AD  - First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National 
      Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 17 Agiou Thoma Street, 
      Athens, 11527, Greece.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20220806
PL  - United States
TA  - Curr Obes Rep
JT  - Current obesity reports
JID - 101578283
RN  - 0 (Insulin)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology
MH  - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications
MH  - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications/drug therapy
MH  - Humans
MH  - Insulin
MH  - *Insulin Resistance
MH  - Obesity/complications/drug therapy
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Cardiovascular complications
OT  - Double diabetes
OT  - Insulin resistance
OT  - Metabolic syndrome
OT  - Obesity
OT  - Type 1 diabetes
EDAT- 2022/08/06 06:00
MHDA- 2022/08/26 06:00
CRDT- 2022/08/05 23:29
PHST- 2022/06/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/08/06 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/08/26 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/08/05 23:29 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/s13679-022-00477-x [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s13679-022-00477-x [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Curr Obes Rep. 2022 Sep;11(3):180-202. doi: 10.1007/s13679-022-00477-x. Epub 2022 
      Aug 6.