PMID- 35938524
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220915
LR  - 20221128
IS  - 1365-2788 (Electronic)
IS  - 0964-2633 (Linking)
VI  - 66
IP  - 10
DP  - 2022 Oct
TI  - Vision characteristics of Special Olympics athletes seen at the United States 
      National Games 2010-2018.
PG  - 782-792
LID - 10.1111/jir.12968 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Special Olympics International (SOI) has provided eye assessments at 
      no cost to athletes participating in competitions through the Special Olympics 
      Lions Clubs International Foundation Opening Eyes (OE) programme. Access to 
      vision services is crucial given the high rates of eye abnormalities found in 
      studies collected at OE programmes in other countries. As of 2022, no studies 
      covering vision data have been published on SOI athletes specifically from the 
      USA. Therefore, this multiple cross-sectional study hopes to investigate the 
      vision profile of US athletes over three national games, detecting any changes in 
      vision and ocular health outcomes over an 8-year period. METHODS: Vision 
      assessments were conducted in the US national games of 2010, 2014 and 2018. 
      Demographic and clinical data from 1427 vision assessments were used in this 
      study. Prevalence of vision and ocular health abnormalities were compared across 
      national games. RESULTS: In our cohort of 1427 assessments with athletes' mean 
      age +/- SD of 29.8 +/- 11.5 years, 85.3% (n = 1170) had an abnormal vision result 
      with at least one of the following findings: decreased visual acuity of 20/40 or 
      worse (31.0%, n = 442), refractive error including myopia (52.8%, n = 754), 
      hypermetropia (15.7%, n = 224), and astigmatism (35.0%, n = 499), ocular 
      misalignment distant (16.2%, n = 224) or near (17.2%, n = 239), or ocular 
      abnormality (19.1%, n = 273). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates the burden of 
      vision defects and ocular disease in US SOI athletes over the past decade. While 
      continued effort must be made to train eye providers in caring for patients with 
      ID to increase eyecare accessibility outside of SOI, vision assessments at 
      national games can continue providing opportunities for improved ocular health in 
      children and adults with ID.
CI  - (c) 2022 MENCAP and International Association of the Scientific Study of 
      Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
FAU - Yuen, J
AU  - Yuen J
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8756-2548
AD  - Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
FAU - Block, S S
AU  - Block SS
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0101-3084
AD  - Illinois College of Optometry, Chicago, IL, USA.
LA  - eng
GR  - US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
DEP - 20220808
PL  - England
TA  - J Intellect Disabil Res
JT  - Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR
JID - 9206090
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Athletes
MH  - Child
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Intellectual Disability/epidemiology
MH  - *Sports
MH  - United States/epidemiology
MH  - Vision Disorders/epidemiology
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Special Olympics
OT  - intellectual disability
OT  - refractive error
OT  - vision impairment
EDAT- 2022/08/09 06:00
MHDA- 2022/09/16 06:00
CRDT- 2022/08/08 05:53
PHST- 2022/06/20 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/05/12 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/07/08 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/08/09 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/09/16 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/08/08 05:53 [entrez]
AID - 10.1111/jir.12968 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Intellect Disabil Res. 2022 Oct;66(10):782-792. doi: 10.1111/jir.12968. Epub 
      2022 Aug 8.