PMID- 35960616 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20221205 LR - 20230125 IS - 1559-6095 (Electronic) IS - 1559-6095 (Linking) VI - 2022 IP - 12 DP - 2022 Dec 1 TI - Obtaining Polytene, Meiotic, and Mitotic Chromosomes from Mosquitoes for Cytogenetic Analysis. PG - 591-598 LID - 10.1101/pdb.prot107872 [doi] AB - Chromosome visualization is a key step for developing cytogenetic maps and idiograms, analyzing inversion polymorphisms, and identifying mosquito species. Three types of chromosomes-polytene, mitotic, and meiotic-are used in cytogenetic studies of mosquitoes. Here, we describe a detailed method for obtaining high-quality polytene chromosome preparations from the salivary glands of larvae and the ovaries of females for Anopheles mosquitoes. We also describe how to obtain mitotic chromosomes from imaginal discs of fourth-instar larvae and meiotic chromosomes from the testes of male pupae for all mosquitoes. These chromosomes can be used for fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), a fundamental technique in cytogenetic research that is used for physical genome mapping, detecting chromosomal rearrangements, and studying chromosome organization. CI - (c) 2022 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. FAU - Liang, Jiangtao AU - Liang J AD - Department of Entomology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24060, USA. FAU - Bondarenko, Simon M AU - Bondarenko SM AD - Department of Entomology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24060, USA. AD - Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Tomsk State University, Tomsk 634050, Russia. FAU - Sharakhov, Igor V AU - Sharakhov IV AD - Department of Entomology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24060, USA. AD - Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Tomsk State University, Tomsk 634050, Russia. FAU - Sharakhova, Maria V AU - Sharakhova MV AD - Department of Entomology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24060, USA msharakh@vt.edu. AD - Laboratory of Evolutionary Genomics of Insects, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20221201 PL - United States TA - Cold Spring Harb Protoc JT - Cold Spring Harbor protocols JID - 101524530 SB - IM MH - Male MH - Animals MH - Female MH - In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence/methods MH - *Polytene Chromosomes/genetics MH - Chromosomes/genetics MH - *Anopheles/genetics MH - Chromosome Mapping MH - Cytogenetic Analysis MH - Larva/genetics EDAT- 2022/08/13 06:00 MHDA- 2022/12/06 06:00 CRDT- 2022/08/12 12:32 PHST- 2022/08/13 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/12/06 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/08/12 12:32 [entrez] AID - pdb.prot107872 [pii] AID - 10.1101/pdb.prot107872 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cold Spring Harb Protoc. 2022 Dec 1;2022(12):591-598. doi: 10.1101/pdb.prot107872.