PMID- 35967005
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20220816
IS  - 1662-5161 (Print)
IS  - 1662-5161 (Electronic)
IS  - 1662-5161 (Linking)
VI  - 16
DP  - 2022
TI  - Cerebellar and brainstem differences in children with developmental coordination 
      disorder: A voxel-based morphometry study.
PG  - 921505
LID - 10.3389/fnhum.2022.921505 [doi]
LID - 921505
AB  - Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that 
      significantly impairs a child's ability to learn motor skills and to perform 
      everyday activities. The cause of DCD is unknown; however, evidence suggests that 
      children with DCD have altered brain structure and function. While the cerebellum 
      has been hypothesised to be involved in developmental coordination disorder, no 
      studies have specifically examined cerebellar structure in this population. The 
      purpose of our study was to examine cerebellar differences in children with DCD 
      compared to typically-developing children. Using voxel-based morphometry, we 
      assessed cerebellar morphology in children 8-12 years of age. Forty-six children 
      (12 typically-developing and 34 with DCD) were investigated using high resolution 
      T1-weighted images, which were then processed using the spatially unbiased atlas 
      template of the cerebellum and brainstem (SUIT) toolbox for a region of 
      interest-based examination of the cerebellum. Results revealed that children with 
      DCD had reduced grey matter volume in several regions, namely: the brainstem, 
      right/left crus I, right crus II, left VI, right VIIb, and right VIIIa lobules. 
      Further, Pearson correlations revealed significant positive associations between 
      the total motor percentile score on the Movement Assessment Battery for 
      Children-2 and regions that had reduced grey matter volume in our cohort 
      (brainstem, left crus I, right VIIb, and right VIIIa). These findings indicate 
      that reductions in cerebellar grey matter volume are associated with poorer motor 
      skills. Given the cerebellum's involvement in internal models of movement, 
      results of this study may help to explain why children with DCD struggle to learn 
      motor skills.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2022 Gill, Lang and Zwicker.
FAU - Gill, Kamaldeep K
AU  - Gill KK
AD  - Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of British Columbia, 
      Vancouver, BC, Canada.
AD  - Brain, Behaviour, and Development Theme, British Columbia Children's Hospital 
      Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
FAU - Lang, Donna
AU  - Lang D
AD  - Brain, Behaviour, and Development Theme, British Columbia Children's Hospital 
      Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
AD  - Department of Radiology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, 
      Canada.
FAU - Zwicker, Jill G
AU  - Zwicker JG
AD  - Brain, Behaviour, and Development Theme, British Columbia Children's Hospital 
      Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
AD  - Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, The University of 
      British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, 
      Canada.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20220728
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Hum Neurosci
JT  - Frontiers in human neuroscience
JID - 101477954
PMC - PMC9371609
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - cerebellum
OT  - developmental coordination disorder
OT  - grey matter
OT  - motor skills disorder
OT  - voxel-based morphometry
COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any 
      commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential 
      conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2022/08/16 06:00
MHDA- 2022/08/16 06:01
PMCR- 2022/01/01
CRDT- 2022/08/15 03:52
PHST- 2022/04/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/06/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/08/15 03:52 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/08/16 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/08/16 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2022/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fnhum.2022.921505 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Hum Neurosci. 2022 Jul 28;16:921505. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.921505. 
      eCollection 2022.