PMID- 36000560
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220908
LR  - 20220908
IS  - 1520-5118 (Electronic)
IS  - 0021-8561 (Linking)
VI  - 70
IP  - 35
DP  - 2022 Sep 7
TI  - Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent-Based Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction 
      Coupled with Direct Analysis in Real Time Mass Spectrometry: A Green 
      Temperature-Mediated Analytical Strategy.
PG  - 10919-10928
LID - 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c03561 [doi]
AB  - Green analytical chemistry (GAC) represents a rapidly growing research field that 
      aims at developing novel analytical approaches with minimal consumption of 
      hazardous reagents and solvents. The current study reports on a GAC methodology 
      exploiting the unique physicochemical properties of natural deep eutectic 
      solvents (NADESs), a supposedly environmentally friendly class of solvents. Based 
      on a temperature-mediated strategy, the NADESs were manipulated to undergo 
      multiple phase transitions for favorable functionality and performance. As 
      proof-of-concept demonstrations, both hydrophobic and hydrophilic NADESs were 
      prepared for the extraction and analysis of eight phthalate esters in aqueous 
      samples (food simulants) and three aflatoxins in oily samples (edible oils), 
      respectively. NADES-based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) was 
      employed to achieve high-efficiency sample pretreatment. Afterward, the NADESs 
      were transformed from liquids into solids by tuning the peripheral temperature 
      for a convenient phase separation from the sample matrices. The solidified NADES 
      extracts were melted and vaporized at elevated temperatures by transmission-mode 
      direct analysis in real time (DART) for further quadrupole-Orbitrap 
      high-resolution mass spectrometry (Q-Orbitrap HRMS) analysis. The developed 
      protocol was validated, achieving good repeatability with relative standard 
      deviations (RSDs) of less than 9% and satisfactory sensitivity with limits of 
      detection (LODs) and quantitation (LOQs) ranging from 0.1 to 0.8 and 0.2 to 2.0 
      mug/kg, respectively. The greenness of the analytical methodology was assessed 
      with the calculated scores of 0.66 and 0.57 for the hydrophobic and hydrophilic 
      NADES-based protocols, respectively. The method was applied to marketed samples, 
      highlighting the great potential for green chemical analysis.
FAU - Chen, Meng
AU  - Chen M
AD  - Key Laboratory of Consumer Product Quality Safety Inspection and Risk Assessment 
      for State Market Regulation, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, 
      Beijing 100176, China.
FAU - Li, Ming
AU  - Li M
AD  - School of Electrical and Control Engineering, North China University of 
      Technology, Beijing 100144, China.
FAU - Zhang, Wenxi
AU  - Zhang W
AD  - Shaanxi Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Institute, Xi'an 710048, 
      China.
FAU - Bai, Hua
AU  - Bai H
AD  - Key Laboratory of Consumer Product Quality Safety Inspection and Risk Assessment 
      for State Market Regulation, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, 
      Beijing 100176, China.
FAU - Ma, Qiang
AU  - Ma Q
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7887-2031
AD  - Key Laboratory of Consumer Product Quality Safety Inspection and Risk Assessment 
      for State Market Regulation, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, 
      Beijing 100176, China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20220824
PL  - United States
TA  - J Agric Food Chem
JT  - Journal of agricultural and food chemistry
JID - 0374755
RN  - 0 (Deep Eutectic Solvents)
RN  - 0 (Solvents)
SB  - IM
MH  - Deep Eutectic Solvents
MH  - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
MH  - Limit of Detection
MH  - *Liquid Phase Microextraction/methods
MH  - Mass Spectrometry
MH  - Solvents/chemistry
MH  - Temperature
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry
OT  - dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction
OT  - edible oil
OT  - food contact materials
OT  - green analytical chemistry
OT  - natural deep eutectic solvent
EDAT- 2022/08/25 06:00
MHDA- 2022/09/09 06:00
CRDT- 2022/08/24 07:02
PHST- 2022/08/25 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/09/09 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/08/24 07:02 [entrez]
AID - 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c03561 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Agric Food Chem. 2022 Sep 7;70(35):10919-10928. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c03561. 
      Epub 2022 Aug 24.