PMID- 36014211
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20220830
IS  - 2072-666X (Print)
IS  - 2072-666X (Electronic)
IS  - 2072-666X (Linking)
VI  - 13
IP  - 8
DP  - 2022 Aug 11
TI  - Recent Progress in Development and Applications of Ionic Polymer-Metal Composite.
LID - 10.3390/mi13081290 [doi]
LID - 1290
AB  - Electroactive polymer (EAP) is a polymer that reacts to electrical stimuli, such 
      as voltage, and can be divided into electronic and ionic EAP by an electrical 
      energy transfer mechanism within the polymer. The mechanism of ionic EAP is the 
      movement of the positive ions inducing voltage change in the polymer membrane. 
      Among the ionic EAPs, an ionic polymer-metal composite (IPMC) is composed of a 
      metal electrode on the surface of the polymer membrane. A common material for the 
      polymer membrane of IPMC is Nafion containing hydrogen ions, and platinum, gold, 
      and silver are commonly used for the electrode. As a result, IPMC has advantages, 
      such as low voltage requirements, large bending displacement, and bidirectional 
      actuation. Manufacturing of IPMC is composed of preparing the polymer membrane 
      and plating electrode. Preparation methods for the membrane include solution 
      casting, hot pressing, and 3D printing. Meanwhile, electrode formation methods 
      include electroless plating, electroplating, direct assembly process, and 
      sputtering deposition. The manufactured IPMC is widely demonstrated in 
      applications such as grippers, micro-pumps, biomedical, biomimetics, bending 
      sensors, flow sensors, energy harvesters, biosensors, and humidity sensors. This 
      paper will review the overall field of IPMC by demonstrating the categorization, 
      principle, materials, and manufacturing method of IPMC and its applications.
FAU - Park, Si Won
AU  - Park SW
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8882-6047
AD  - Department of Mechanical Convergence Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 
      04763, Korea.
FAU - Kim, Sang Jun
AU  - Kim SJ
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6540-360X
AD  - School of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea.
FAU - Park, Seong Hyun
AU  - Park SH
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7625-5729
AD  - School of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea.
FAU - Lee, Juyeon
AU  - Lee J
AD  - Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, 
      61 Daehak-ro, Gumi 39177, Korea.
FAU - Kim, Hyungjun
AU  - Kim H
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3958-7999
AD  - Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, 
      61 Daehak-ro, Gumi 39177, Korea.
FAU - Kim, Min Ku
AU  - Kim MK
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2576-5793
AD  - School of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea.
LA  - eng
GR  - 2022R1C1C1008122/National Research Foundation of Korea/
GR  - 2021R1F1A1063492/National Research Foundation of Korea/
GR  - HY-202100000003082/Hanyang University/
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20220811
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Micromachines (Basel)
JT  - Micromachines
JID - 101640903
PMC - PMC9415080
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - IPMC
OT  - IPMC actuator
OT  - IPMC sensor
OT  - electroactive polymer
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2022/08/27 06:00
MHDA- 2022/08/27 06:01
PMCR- 2022/08/11
CRDT- 2022/08/26 01:35
PHST- 2022/07/12 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/08/08 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/08/09 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/08/26 01:35 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/08/27 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/08/27 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2022/08/11 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - mi13081290 [pii]
AID - micromachines-13-01290 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/mi13081290 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Micromachines (Basel). 2022 Aug 11;13(8):1290. doi: 10.3390/mi13081290.