PMID- 36015527
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20220830
IS  - 2073-4360 (Electronic)
IS  - 2073-4360 (Linking)
VI  - 14
IP  - 16
DP  - 2022 Aug 11
TI  - A 3D-Printed Sole Design Bioinspired by Cat Paw Pad and Triply Periodic Minimal 
      Surface for Improving Paratrooper Landing Protection.
LID - 10.3390/polym14163270 [doi]
LID - 3270
AB  - Paratroopers are highly susceptible to lower extremity impact injuries during 
      landing. To reduce the ground reaction force (GRF), inspired by the cat paw pad 
      and triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS), a novel type of bionic cushion sole 
      for paratrooper boots was designed and fabricated by additive manufacturing. A 
      shear thickening fluid (STF) was used to mimic the unique adipose tissue with 
      viscoelastic behavior found in cat paw pads, which is formed by a dermal layer 
      encompassing a subcutaneous layer and acts as the primary energy dissipation 
      mechanism for attenuating ground impact. Based on uniaxial compression tests 
      using four typical types of cubic TPMS specimens, TPMSs with Gyroid and Diamond 
      topologies were chosen to fill the midsole. The quasi-static and dynamic 
      mechanical behaviors of the bionic sole were investigated by quasi-static 
      compression tests and drop hammer tests, respectively. Then, drop landing tests 
      at heights of 40 cm and 80 cm were performed on five kinds of soles to assess the 
      cushioning capacity and compare them with standard paratrooper boots and sports 
      shoes. The results showed that sports shoes had the highest cushioning capacity 
      at a height of 40 cm, whereas at a height of 80 cm, the sole with a 1.5 mm thick 
      Gyroid configuration and STF filling could reduce the maximum peak GRF by 15.5% 
      when compared to standard paratrooper boots. The present work has implications 
      for the design of novel bioinspired soles for reducing impact force.
FAU - Xiao, Yilin
AU  - Xiao Y
AD  - Department of Aircraft Airworthiness Engineering, School of Transportation 
      Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.
AD  - Aircraft/Engine Integrated System Safety Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing 100191, 
      China.
FAU - Hu, Dayong
AU  - Hu D
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5120-743X
AD  - Department of Aircraft Airworthiness Engineering, School of Transportation 
      Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.
AD  - Aircraft/Engine Integrated System Safety Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing 100191, 
      China.
FAU - Zhang, Zhiqiang
AU  - Zhang Z
AD  - Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Shantou University, 
      Shantou 515063, China.
FAU - Pei, Baoqing
AU  - Pei B
AD  - School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 
      100191, China.
FAU - Wu, Xueqing
AU  - Wu X
AD  - School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 
      100191, China.
FAU - Lin, Peng
AU  - Lin P
AD  - Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Shantou University, 
      Shantou 515063, China.
LA  - eng
GR  - 11872100 and 11902091/National Natural Science Foundation of China/
GR  - No. NTF21045/STU Scientific Research Foundation for Talents/
GR  - JCKY2018601B106 and JCKY2017205B032/Defense Industrial Technology Development 
      Program/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20220811
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Polymers (Basel)
JT  - Polymers
JID - 101545357
PMC - PMC9412508
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - 3D-printed sole
OT  - TPMS
OT  - bionic cushion
OT  - energy dissipation
OT  - landing protection
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2022/08/27 06:00
MHDA- 2022/08/27 06:01
PMCR- 2022/08/11
CRDT- 2022/08/26 01:43
PHST- 2022/06/28 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/07/30 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/08/01 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/08/26 01:43 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/08/27 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/08/27 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2022/08/11 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - polym14163270 [pii]
AID - polymers-14-03270 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/polym14163270 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Polymers (Basel). 2022 Aug 11;14(16):3270. doi: 10.3390/polym14163270.