PMID- 36029819
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20221019
LR  - 20221019
IS  - 1879-1026 (Electronic)
IS  - 0048-9697 (Linking)
VI  - 851
IP  - Pt 1
DP  - 2022 Dec 10
TI  - Comprehensive non-target screening of biomagnifying organic contaminants in the 
      Baltic Sea food web.
PG  - 158280
LID - S0048-9697(22)05379-7 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158280 [doi]
AB  - High-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) based non-target screening (NTS) is a 
      powerful approach for the simultaneous determination of multiple environmental 
      contaminant classes in complex biota samples. In this study, trophic 
      biomagnification factor (TMF) directed NTS was performed to find and 
      (tentatively) identify known, emerging, and new chemical contaminants that are 
      persistent and biomagnify in Baltic Sea biota. The investigated food web included 
      seven species: one filter feeder (blue mussel, Mytilus edulis), two fish 
      (eelpout, Zoarces viviparous; herring, Clupea harengus), two marine mammals 
      (harbor porpoise, Phocoena phocoena; grey seal, Halichoerus grypus) and two birds 
      (guillemot, Uria aalge; white-tailed sea eagle, Haliaeetus albicilla). The NTS 
      procedure included extraction with organic solvent mixtures, two-step 
      high-resolution gel permeation chromatography clean-up, Florisil(R) fractionation, 
      gas chromatography (GC) HRMS analysis in electron ionization (EI) and electron 
      capture negative ion chemical ionization (ECNI) modes, and NTS data processing. 
      The latter was performed differently for the EI and ECNI data: the EI data were 
      treated using a flexible and highly automated TMF-directed NTS workflow, whereas 
      the ECNI data were treated with a simpler and less automated workflow that 
      specifically screened for brominated compounds. The two workflows collectively 
      revealed biomagnification (statistically significant TMF values) of >250 
      tentatively identified compounds, including legacy persistent organic pollutants 
      (POPs), such as PCBs and PCB-related compounds, DDT and its metabolites, and 
      organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), contaminants of emerging concern (CECs), and 
      halogenated natural products (HNPs). Among the tentatively identified CECs, nine 
      have not previously been reported in environmental biota samples. These included 
      four polymer additives (used as antioxidants, rubber additives or plasticizers) 
      and two cosmetic product additives (ethyl myristate and isopropyl palmitate). The 
      CECs should be prioritized for future structure verification and quantification 
      using reference standards.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Rebryk, Andriy
AU  - Rebryk A
AD  - Department of Chemistry, Chemical Biological Centre (KBC), Umea University, 
      Linnaeus vag 6, 901 87 Umea, Sweden. Electronic address: andriy.rebryk@umu.se.
FAU - Haglund, Peter
AU  - Haglund P
AD  - Department of Chemistry, Chemical Biological Centre (KBC), Umea University, 
      Linnaeus vag 6, 901 87 Umea, Sweden.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20220824
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Sci Total Environ
JT  - The Science of the total environment
JID - 0330500
RN  - 0 (Biological Products)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 0 (Plasticizers)
RN  - 0 (Solvents)
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
RN  - 9006-04-6 (Rubber)
RN  - CIW5S16655 (DDT)
RN  - DFC2HB4I0K (Polychlorinated Biphenyls)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - *Biological Products
MH  - Cetacea
MH  - *Charadriiformes
MH  - DDT/analysis
MH  - *Eagles
MH  - Environmental Monitoring
MH  - Fishes
MH  - Food Chain
MH  - Persistent Organic Pollutants
MH  - *Pesticides/analysis
MH  - Plasticizers/analysis
MH  - *Polychlorinated Biphenyls/analysis
MH  - Rubber
MH  - *Seals, Earless
MH  - Solvents/analysis
MH  - *Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Baltic Sea
OT  - Biomagnification
OT  - Contaminants of emerging concern
OT  - GC-HRMS
OT  - Non-target screening
OT  - Trophic magnification factors
COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known 
      competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared 
      to influence the work reported in this paper.
EDAT- 2022/08/28 06:00
MHDA- 2022/10/20 06:00
CRDT- 2022/08/27 19:23
PHST- 2022/06/23 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/08/21 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/08/21 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/08/28 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/10/20 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/08/27 19:23 [entrez]
AID - S0048-9697(22)05379-7 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158280 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Sci Total Environ. 2022 Dec 10;851(Pt 1):158280. doi: 
      10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158280. Epub 2022 Aug 24.