PMID- 36058154
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20220921
IS  - 2210-2612 (Print)
IS  - 2210-2612 (Electronic)
IS  - 2210-2612 (Linking)
VI  - 98
DP  - 2022 Sep
TI  - Beware of the shrunken gallbladder - Case report of intraoperatively diagnosed 
      gallbladder agenesis.
PG  - 107588
LID - S2210-2612(22)00834-3 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.ijscr.2022.107588 [doi]
LID - 107588
AB  - INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Gallbladder Agenesis, the congenital absence of the 
      gallbladder, is a very rare biliary anomaly found in 13 to 65 people per 100,000. 
      Symptomatic patients usually present with abdominal pain, nausea, and emesis, and 
      are often misdiagnosed with gallbladder pathologies leading to unnecessary 
      operations. CASE PRESENTATION: We report the case of a 63-year-old Caucasian 
      female patient who presented with recurrent right upper quadrant pain (RUQ) and 
      found to have a contracted gallbladder on ultrasonography (US). A hepatobiliary 
      iminodiacetic acid (HIDA) scan was positive, and the patient was misdiagnosed 
      with chronic cholecystitis. No gallbladder was found on laparoscopy and patient 
      was diagnosed intraoperatively with gallbladder agenesis. Normal biliary anatomy 
      was confirmed intraoperatively using the Firefly technique and there was no 
      ectopic gallbladder on computed tomography (CT) scan obtained postoperatively. 
      Patient currently doing well on conservative pain management. CLINICAL 
      DISCUSSION: Patients with gallbladder agenesis and normal bile ducts often have 
      symptoms similar to that of usual gallbladder problems. Accurately diagnosing 
      these patients preoperatively remains a challenge. CONCLUSION: Symptomatic 
      patients with agenesis of the gallbladder are often diagnosed intraoperatively 
      despite major advances in diagnostic imaging techniques. In these cases, 
      minimizing the risk of injury to the biliary tree is crucial. As our case 
      demonstrates, it is critical for surgeons to become increasingly aware of this 
      rare and important congenital anomaly. A very high index of suspicion is 
      warranted in patients with a shrunken or contracted gallbladder. When in doubt, 
      obtain cross-sectional imaging.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.
FAU - Anderson, Kiyah
AU  - Anderson K
AD  - Department of Surgery, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
FAU - Roland, Avery L
AU  - Roland AL
AD  - College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 
      USA.
FAU - Miller, Mark P
AU  - Miller MP
AD  - Private Practice, 7705 Poplar Avenue, Germantown, TN 38138, USA.
FAU - Foretia, Denis A
AU  - Foretia DA
AD  - Global Surgery Institute, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, 
      TN, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 
      Memphis, TN, USA. Electronic address: dforetia@uthsc.edu.
LA  - eng
PT  - Case Reports
DEP - 20220831
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Int J Surg Case Rep
JT  - International journal of surgery case reports
JID - 101529872
PMC - PMC9482971
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Absent gallbladder
OT  - Biliary colic
OT  - Case report
OT  - Gallbladder agenesis
OT  - Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography
COIS- Declaration of competing interest None.
EDAT- 2022/09/05 06:00
MHDA- 2022/09/05 06:01
PMCR- 2022/08/31
CRDT- 2022/09/04 18:19
PHST- 2022/07/27 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/08/29 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/08/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/09/05 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/09/05 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2022/09/04 18:19 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/08/31 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S2210-2612(22)00834-3 [pii]
AID - 107588 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.ijscr.2022.107588 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int J Surg Case Rep. 2022 Sep;98:107588. doi: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2022.107588. Epub 
      2022 Aug 31.