PMID- 36068459
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220908
LR  - 20231004
IS  - 1940-6029 (Electronic)
IS  - 1064-3745 (Linking)
VI  - 2547
DP  - 2022
TI  - Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Testing in Pharmacogenomics.
PG  - 21-45
LID - 10.1007/978-1-0716-2573-6_2 [doi]
AB  - The genetic region on the short arm of chromosome 6 where the human leukocyte 
      antigen (HLA) genes are located is the major histocompatibility complex. The 
      genes in this region are highly polymorphic, and some loci have a high degree of 
      homology with other genes and pseudogenes. Histocompatibility testing has 
      traditionally been performed in the setting of transplantation and involves 
      determining which specific alleles are present. Several HLA alleles have been 
      associated with disease risk or increased risk of adverse drug reaction (ADR) 
      when treated with certain medications. Testing for these applications differs 
      from traditional histocompatibility in that the desired result is simply presence 
      or absence of the allele of interest, rather than determining which allele is 
      present. At present, the majority of HLA typing is done by molecular methods 
      using commercially available kits. A subset of pharmacogenomics laboratories has 
      developed their own methods, and in some cases, query single nucleotide variants 
      associated with certain HLA alleles rather than directly testing for the allele. 
      In this chapter, a brief introduction to the HLA system is provided, followed by 
      an overview of a variety of testing technologies including those specifically 
      used in pharmacogenomics, and the chapter concludes with details regarding 
      specific HLA alleles associated with ADR.
CI  - (c) 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Science+Business 
      Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
FAU - Moyer, Ann M
AU  - Moyer AM
AD  - Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. 
      Moyer.Ann@mayo.edu.
FAU - Gandhi, Manish J
AU  - Gandhi MJ
AD  - Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - Methods Mol Biol
JT  - Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)
JID - 9214969
RN  - 0 (HLA Antigens)
RN  - 0 (Histocompatibility Antigens Class I)
RN  - 0 (Histocompatibility Antigens Class II)
SB  - IM
MH  - Alleles
MH  - *HLA Antigens/genetics
MH  - Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/genetics
MH  - Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/genetics
MH  - Histocompatibility Testing/methods
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Pharmacogenetics
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - HLA antigens
OT  - HLA typing
OT  - Hypersensitivity reactions
OT  - Immune-mediated adverse drug reaction
OT  - MHC
OT  - Pharmacogenetics
OT  - Pharmacogenomics
EDAT- 2022/09/07 06:00
MHDA- 2022/09/09 06:00
CRDT- 2022/09/06 23:32
PHST- 2022/09/06 23:32 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/09/07 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/09/09 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1007/978-1-0716-2573-6_2 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Methods Mol Biol. 2022;2547:21-45. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2573-6_2.