PMID- 36068649 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220908 LR - 20231105 IS - 2001-3078 (Electronic) IS - 2001-3078 (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 9 DP - 2022 Sep TI - Extracellular vesicles from colorectal cancer cells promote metastasis via the NOD1 signalling pathway. PG - e12264 LID - 10.1002/jev2.12264 [doi] LID - e12264 AB - Pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) have been shown to promote tumour metastasis via sensing tumour cell-derived small extracellular vesicles (EVs). Nucleotide-binding oligomerisation domain 1 (NOD1), a cytoplasmic PRR, plays a role in colorectal cancer (CRC) by detecting bacterial products. However, the precise mechanisms underlying the effects of NOD1, following identification of CRC cell-derived EVs (CRC-EVs), to potentiate CRC liver metastasis (CRC-LM), remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that CRC-EVs activate NOD1 in macrophages to initiate secretion of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. NOD1-activated macrophages also promote CRC cell migration, while in a murine model of liver metastasis (LM), NOD1-deficient mice exhibit reduced metastasis following CRC-EV treatment. Furthermore, cell division cycle 42 (CDC42), a small Rho guanosine-5'-triphosphate (GTP)ase, is delivered by CRC-EVs into macrophages where it activates NOD1. In addition, EVs from the plasma of patients with CRC-LM mediate NOD1 activation in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Moreover, high NOD1 expression in tumour tissues is associated with poor prognosis of CRC-LM. Our findings suggest that CRC-EVs activate NOD1 to promote tumour metastasis, thus, NOD1 may serve as a potential target in the diagnosis and treatment of CRC-LM. CI - (c) 2022 The Authors. Journal of Extracellular Vesicles published by Wiley Periodicals, LLC on behalf of the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles. FAU - Wei, Xiduan AU - Wei X AD - School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China. FAU - Ye, Jingjia AU - Ye J AD - School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China. FAU - Pei, Yameng AU - Pei Y AD - School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China. FAU - Wang, Chunting AU - Wang C AD - School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China. FAU - Yang, Hongzhen AU - Yang H AD - School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China. FAU - Tian, Jingyuan AU - Tian J AD - School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China. FAU - Si, Guangxu AU - Si G AD - School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China. FAU - Ma, Yao AU - Ma Y AD - Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China. FAU - Wang, Kun AU - Wang K AD - Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Unit I, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing. FAU - Liu, Gang AU - Liu G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5549-5686 AD - School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China. AD - Key laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evalution (Yantai University), Ministry of Education; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, P. R. China. LA - eng GR - 81803358/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - 81703329/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - 81273364/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - 82003568/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ GR - 817731/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - J Extracell Vesicles JT - Journal of extracellular vesicles JID - 101610479 RN - 0 (NOD1 protein, human) RN - 0 (Nod1 Signaling Adaptor Protein) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - *Colorectal Neoplasms MH - *Extracellular Vesicles/metabolism MH - Humans MH - Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism MH - *Liver Neoplasms/metabolism MH - Mice MH - Nod1 Signaling Adaptor Protein/metabolism MH - Signal Transduction PMC - PMC9448875 OTO - NOTNLM OT - NOD1 signalling OT - colorectal cancer OT - extracellular vesicles OT - metastatic liver COIS- The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have influenced the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2022/09/07 06:00 MHDA- 2022/09/09 06:00 PMCR- 2022/09/06 CRDT- 2022/09/06 23:44 PHST- 2022/07/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/11/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/08/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/09/06 23:44 [entrez] PHST- 2022/09/07 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/09/09 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/09/06 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JEV212264 [pii] AID - 10.1002/jev2.12264 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Extracell Vesicles. 2022 Sep;11(9):e12264. doi: 10.1002/jev2.12264.