PMID- 36079790
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220912
LR  - 20230308
IS  - 2072-6643 (Electronic)
IS  - 2072-6643 (Linking)
VI  - 14
IP  - 17
DP  - 2022 Aug 27
TI  - Essential Amino Acid Ingestion Facilitates Leucine Retention and Attenuates 
      Myofibrillar Protein Breakdown following Bodyweight Resistance Exercise in Young 
      Adults in a Home-Based Setting.
LID - 10.3390/nu14173532 [doi]
LID - 3532
AB  - Home-based resistance exercise (RE) has become increasingly prevalent, but its 
      effects on protein metabolism are understudied. We tested the effect of an 
      essential amino acid formulation (EAA+: 9 g EAAs, 3 g leucine) and branched-chain 
      amino acids (BCAAs: 6 g BCAAs, 3 g leucine), relative to a carbohydrate (CHO) 
      placebo, on exogenous leucine retention and myofibrillar protein breakdown 
      following dynamic bodyweight RE in a home-based setting. Twelve recreationally 
      active adults (nine male, three female) participated in a double-blind, 
      placebo-controlled, crossover study with four trial conditions: (i) RE and EAA+ 
      (EX-EAA+); (ii) RE and BCAAs (EX-BCAA); (iii) RE and CHO placebo (EX-CHO); and 
      (iv) rest and CHO placebo (REST-CHO). Total exogenous leucine oxidation and 
      retention (estimates of whole-body anabolism) and urinary 
      3-methylhistidine:creatinine ratio (3MH:Cr; estimate of muscle catabolism) were 
      assessed over 5 h post-supplement. Total exogenous leucine oxidation and 
      retention in EX-EAA+ and EX-BCAA did not significantly differ (p = 0.116) but 
      were greater than EX-CHO (p < 0.01). There was a main effect of condition on 
      urinary 3MH:Cr (p = 0.034), with post hoc analysis revealing a trend (p = 0.096) 
      for reduced urinary 3MH:Cr with EX-EAA+ (32%) compared to EX-CHO. By direct 
      comparison, urinary 3MH:Cr was significantly lower (23%) in EX-EAA+ than EX-BCAA 
      (p = 0.026). In summary, the ingestion of EAA+ or BCAA provided leucine that was 
      ~60% retained for protein synthesis following home-based bodyweight RE, but EAA+ 
      most effectively attenuated myofibrillar protein breakdown.
FAU - Waskiw-Ford, Marcus
AU  - Waskiw-Ford M
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5278-4642
AD  - Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON 
      M5S 2C9, Canada.
FAU - Hodson, Nathan
AU  - Hodson N
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1330-4030
AD  - Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON 
      M5S 2C9, Canada.
FAU - Fung, Hugo J W
AU  - Fung HJW
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7833-7672
AD  - Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON 
      M5S 2C9, Canada.
FAU - West, Daniel W D
AU  - West DWD
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9195-2602
AD  - Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON 
      M5S 2C9, Canada.
AD  - KITE Research, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, ON M5G 2A2, Canada.
FAU - Apong, Philip
AU  - Apong P
AD  - Iovate Health Sciences International, Toronto, ON L6M 2R7, Canada.
FAU - Bashir, Raza
AU  - Bashir R
AD  - Iovate Health Sciences International, Toronto, ON L6M 2R7, Canada.
FAU - Moore, Daniel R
AU  - Moore DR
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5865-4398
AD  - Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON 
      M5S 2C9, Canada.
LA  - eng
GR  - 2019-6-11FX/Iovate Health Sciences Inc./
PT  - Controlled Clinical Trial
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20220827
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Nutrients
JT  - Nutrients
JID - 101521595
RN  - 0 (Amino Acids, Essential)
RN  - 0 (Muscle Proteins)
RN  - GMW67QNF9C (Leucine)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Amino Acids, Essential/administration & dosage
MH  - Cross-Over Studies
MH  - Double-Blind Method
MH  - Eating
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Leucine/metabolism
MH  - Male
MH  - *Muscle Proteins/metabolism
MH  - *Myofibrils/metabolism
MH  - *Resistance Training
MH  - Young Adult
PMC - PMC9460609
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - bodyweight
OT  - essential amino acids
OT  - home-based
OT  - oxidation
OT  - protein metabolism
OT  - resistance exercise
COIS- D.R.M. has received research funding from Iovate Health Sciences but declares no 
      financial conflict of interest. P.A. and R.B. are employees of Iovate Health 
      Sciences and developed the investigational supplements. P.A. and R.B. were not 
      involved in data collection, analysis, interpretation of data, or the decision to 
      publish the results but did review the final manuscript draft. All other authors 
      have no conflicts to declare.
EDAT- 2022/09/10 06:00
MHDA- 2022/09/14 06:00
PMCR- 2022/08/27
CRDT- 2022/09/09 01:25
PHST- 2022/06/29 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/08/22 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/08/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/09/09 01:25 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/09/10 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/09/14 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/08/27 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - nu14173532 [pii]
AID - nutrients-14-03532 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/nu14173532 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Nutrients. 2022 Aug 27;14(17):3532. doi: 10.3390/nu14173532.