PMID- 36080451 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220912 LR - 20220913 IS - 1420-3049 (Electronic) IS - 1420-3049 (Linking) VI - 27 IP - 17 DP - 2022 Sep 3 TI - Risk Assessment of Triflumezopyrim and Imidacloprid in Rice through an Evaluation of Residual Data. LID - 10.3390/molecules27175685 [doi] LID - 5685 AB - Triflumezopyrim, a novel mesoionic insecticide used to control planthoppers, is a potential substitute for imidacloprid. In this study, triflumezopyrim and imidacloprid residues in rice were determined using a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe procedure combined with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The limit of quantification of both triflumezopyrim and imidacloprid was 0.01 mg kg(-1), and the average recovery values were 94-104% and 91-106%, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 1.1-1.4% and 2.1-3.4% (n = 5), respectively. The consumer protection level was assessed by calculating the theoretical maximum daily intake using the reported maximum residue limits of triflumezopyrim and imidacloprid. The established method was successfully applied to 200 commercial rice samples collected from four provinces in China, and their potential public health risks were assessed using triflumezopyrim and imidacloprid residues. The risk associated with triflumezopyrim and imidacloprid dietary intake was assessed by calculating the national estimated short-term intake and the acute reference dose percentage (%ARfD). The results show that the theoretical maximum daily intake (NEDI) values of triflumezopyrim and imidacloprid in different age and gender groups were 0.219-0.543 and 0.377-0.935 mug kg(-1) d(-1) bw, and the risk quotient (RQ) values were 0.188-0.467% and 0.365-0.906%, respectively. The acute reference dose (%ARfD) of triflumezopyrim and imidaclopridin ranged from 0.615 to 0.998% and from 0.481 to 0.780%, respectively. FAU - Zhang, Yue AU - Zhang Y AD - Analysis and Test Center, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruits and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety for Tropical Fruits and Vegetables, Haikou 571101, China. FAU - Wang, Meiran AU - Wang M AD - Analysis and Test Center, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruits and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety for Tropical Fruits and Vegetables, Haikou 571101, China. FAU - Silipunyo, Thiphavanh AU - Silipunyo T AD - Analysis and Test Center, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruits and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety for Tropical Fruits and Vegetables, Haikou 571101, China. AD - Plant Protection Center, Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Vientiane P.O. Box 811, Laos. FAU - Huang, Haizhu AU - Huang H AD - Analysis and Test Center, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruits and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety for Tropical Fruits and Vegetables, Haikou 571101, China. FAU - Yin, Qingchun AU - Yin Q AD - Hainan Institute for Food Control, Haikou 570311, China. FAU - Han, Bingjun AU - Han B AD - Analysis and Test Center, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruits and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety for Tropical Fruits and Vegetables, Haikou 571101, China. FAU - Wang, Mingyue AU - Wang M AD - Analysis and Test Center, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruits and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety for Tropical Fruits and Vegetables, Haikou 571101, China. LA - eng GR - ZX-2022002/key laboratory of tropical fruits and vegetables quality and safety for state market regulation/ GR - 2019RC263/the High-level Talents Program of Hainan Basic and Applied Basic Research Program (Natural Science)/ GR - CARS-31/the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20220903 PL - Switzerland TA - Molecules JT - Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 100964009 RN - 0 (Neonicotinoids) RN - 0 (Nitro Compounds) RN - 0 (Pesticide Residues) RN - 0 (Pyridines) RN - 0 (Pyrimidinones) RN - 0 (triflumezopyrim) RN - 3BN7M937V8 (imidacloprid) SB - IM MH - Neonicotinoids/analysis MH - Nitro Compounds MH - *Oryza/chemistry MH - *Pesticide Residues/analysis MH - Pyridines MH - Pyrimidinones MH - Risk Assessment PMC - PMC9458175 OTO - NOTNLM OT - imidacloprid OT - rice OT - risk assessment OT - triflumezopyrim COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2022/09/10 06:00 MHDA- 2022/09/14 06:00 PMCR- 2022/09/03 CRDT- 2022/09/09 01:29 PHST- 2022/08/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/08/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2022/08/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2022/09/09 01:29 [entrez] PHST- 2022/09/10 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/09/14 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2022/09/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - molecules27175685 [pii] AID - molecules-27-05685 [pii] AID - 10.3390/molecules27175685 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Molecules. 2022 Sep 3;27(17):5685. doi: 10.3390/molecules27175685.