PMID- 36089126
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20221019
LR  - 20221019
IS  - 1873-2976 (Electronic)
IS  - 0960-8524 (Linking)
VI  - 363
DP  - 2022 Nov
TI  - A hydrothermal co-liquefaction of spirulina platensis with rice husk, coconut 
      shell and HDPE for biocrude production.
PG  - 127911
LID - S0960-8524(22)01244-5 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127911 [doi]
AB  - Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is a thermochemical conversion process to produce 
      biofuel from biomass. In this work, co-HTL of spirulina platensis (SP) with rice 
      husk (RH), coconut shell (CS) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) is performed, 
      which are not reported in the literature. The maximum biocrude yield for SP and 
      RH mixture is 20.1 wt% at blend ratio of 50:50, temperature of 300  degrees C, reaction 
      time of 30 mins and solid loading of 20 wt% whereas for SP and CS mixture, the 
      maximum biocrude yield of 12.2 wt% is obtained under same operating conditions. 
      It is found that biocrude yield enhances with increasing blending ratio of SP to 
      lignocellulosic biomass. For co-HTL of SP and HDPE, the maximum biocrude yield of 
      28.8 wt% is obtained at blend ratio of 50:50, 350  degrees C, 30 mins and 20 wt% solid 
      concentrations. For this case, the biocrude yield decreases with increasing 
      SP/HDPE ratios. Furthermore, various characterisation methods are used to analyse 
      the quality of biocrude.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Saral, Janakan S
AU  - Saral JS
AD  - Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, 
      Kozhikode 673601, India.
FAU - Ranganathan, Panneerselvam
AU  - Ranganathan P
AD  - Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, 
      Kozhikode 673601, India. Electronic address: pranganathan@nitc.ac.in.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20220908
PL  - England
TA  - Bioresour Technol
JT  - Bioresource technology
JID - 9889523
RN  - 0 (Biofuels)
RN  - 059QF0KO0R (Water)
RN  - 9002-88-4 (Polyethylene)
RN  - Arthrospira platensis
SB  - IM
MH  - Biofuels/analysis
MH  - Biomass
MH  - Cocos
MH  - *Microalgae
MH  - *Oryza
MH  - Polyethylene
MH  - Spirulina
MH  - Temperature
MH  - Water
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Co-liquefaction
OT  - Coconut shell
OT  - HDPE
OT  - Rice husk
OT  - Spirulina platensis
COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known 
      competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared 
      to influence the work reported in this paper.
EDAT- 2022/09/12 06:00
MHDA- 2022/10/20 06:00
CRDT- 2022/09/11 19:35
PHST- 2022/08/05 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/09/02 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/09/03 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/09/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/10/20 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2022/09/11 19:35 [entrez]
AID - S0960-8524(22)01244-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127911 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Bioresour Technol. 2022 Nov;363:127911. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127911. Epub 
      2022 Sep 8.