PMID- 36120313
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20220920
IS  - 1663-9812 (Print)
IS  - 1663-9812 (Electronic)
IS  - 1663-9812 (Linking)
VI  - 13
DP  - 2022
TI  - Investigation of the pharmacological effect and mechanism of mountain-cultivated 
      ginseng and garden ginseng in cardiovascular diseases based on network 
      pharmacology and zebrafish experiments.
PG  - 920979
LID - 10.3389/fphar.2022.920979 [doi]
LID - 920979
AB  - Ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Mey) is a kind of perennial herb of the Panax genus 
      in the Araliaceae family. The secondary metabolites of mountain-cultivated 
      ginseng (MCG) and garden ginseng (GG) vary greatly due to their different growth 
      environments. To date, the differences in their pharmacological effects on 
      cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and their clinical applications remain unclear. To 
      distinguish between the components of MCG and GG, ultra-high-performance liquid 
      chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS) 
      was performed. Next, the relationship between the expression of metabolites and 
      the categories of the sample were analyzed using supervised partial least squares 
      discriminant analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis. 
      A network-based pharmacology approach was developed and applied to determine the 
      underlying mechanism of different metabolites in CVD. In the present study, the 
      role of MCG and GG in angiogenesis and their protective effects on damaged blood 
      vessels in a vascular injury model of zebrafish were investigated. Using 
      UPLC-Q-TOF/MS, 11 different metabolites between MCG and GG were identified. In 
      addition, 149 common target genes associated with the metabolites and CVD were 
      obtained; these targets were related to tumor protein P53, proto-oncogene 
      tyrosine-protein kinase Src, human ubiquitin-52 amino acid fusion protein, 
      ubiquitin-40S ribosomal protein S27a, polyubiquitin B, signal transducer and 
      activator of transcription 3, isocitrate dehydrogenase 1, vascular endothelial 
      growth factor A, glycose synthase kinase-3B, and coagulation factor II and were 
      associated with the regulation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase-Akt signaling 
      pathway, the tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway, and the hypoxia-inducible 
      factor-1 (HIF-1) signaling pathway, which play important roles in the curative 
      effect in CVD treatment. Both types of ginseng can promote the growth of the 
      subintestinal vessel plexus and protect injured intersegmental vessels through 
      the HIF-1alpha/vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway in a 
      dose-dependent manner. In addition, MCG has a stronger impact than GG. This is 
      the first time metabolomics and network pharmacology methods were combined to 
      study the difference between MCG and GG on CVDs, which provides a significant 
      theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of CVD with two kinds of ginseng.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2022 Yu, Zhang, Liu, Chen, Wang, Zhu and Gao.
FAU - Yu, Ting
AU  - Yu T
AD  - Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
FAU - Zhang, Yan-Xin
AU  - Zhang YX
AD  - SPH XingLing Sci&Tech. Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China.
FAU - Liu, Xin-Juan
AU  - Liu XJ
AD  - Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
FAU - Chen, Dan-Qing
AU  - Chen DQ
AD  - Shanghai SPH Shenxiang Health Medicine Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China.
FAU - Wang, Dan-Dan
AU  - Wang DD
AD  - SPH XingLing Sci&Tech. Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China.
FAU - Zhu, Guo-Qin
AU  - Zhu GQ
AD  - Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
AD  - SPH XingLing Sci&Tech. Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China.
FAU - Gao, Qi
AU  - Gao Q
AD  - Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
AD  - SPH XingLing Sci&Tech. Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20220901
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Pharmacol
JT  - Frontiers in pharmacology
JID - 101548923
PMC - PMC9474728
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - CVD
OT  - GG
OT  - MCG
OT  - UPLC-Q-TOF/MS
OT  - network pharmacology
OT  - zebrafish
COIS- Y-XZ, D-DW, G-QZ, and QG were employed by the company SPH XingLing Sci&Tech. 
      Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., and D-QC was employed by the company Shanghai SPH 
      Shenxiang Health Medicine Co., Ltd. The remaining authors declare that the 
      research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial 
      relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2022/09/20 06:00
MHDA- 2022/09/20 06:01
PMCR- 2022/09/01
CRDT- 2022/09/19 04:39
PHST- 2022/04/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/07/19 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2022/09/19 04:39 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/09/20 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/09/20 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2022/09/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 920979 [pii]
AID - 10.3389/fphar.2022.920979 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Pharmacol. 2022 Sep 1;13:920979. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.920979. 
      eCollection 2022.